Pseudorasbora pugnax Kawase & Hosoya, 2015

Family:  Gobionidae (Gudgeons)
Max. size:  5.97 cm SL (male/unsexed)
Environment:  demersal; freshwater
Distribution:  Asia: Gifu, Aichi and Mie prefectures in Japan.
Diagnosis:  Dorsal soft rays (total): 10-10; Anal soft rays: 9-9; Vertebrae: 33-34. Pseudorasbora pugnax can be diagnosed from other Japanese congeners by having a faint dark stripe on the flank which disappears in females and poorly-developed nuptial tubercles in adult males. It differs from P. parva in having longer head (27.5-31.9 % SL vs. 23.5-27.3), lateral line incomplete (vs. complete), infraorbital, supraorbital and supratemporal canals of the cephalic lateralis system incomplete (vs. complete). It can be further distinguished from P. pumila in having 33-34 vertebrae (vs. 34-35), infraorbital canal of cephalic lateralis system developed (vs. undeveloped) with a rostral branch present (vs. absent), nasal canal present (vs. absent) and mandibular canal complete (vs. incomplete) (Ref. 103407). Description: 3 simple and 7 branched rays on dorsal fin; 3 simple and 6 branched rays on anal fin; 1 simple and 12-14 branched rays on pectoral fin; 2 simple and 7 branched rays on pelvic fin; 0-6 pored lateral-line scales followed by 27-33 unpored scales (Ref. 103407).
Biology:  Occurs in deep irrigation canals and ponds (1-2 m depth) with emergent plant growth. Spawns from late March to early July and preferentially lays eggs under stones (< 200 cm3 volume) in shallow water (< 40 cm depth) (Ref. 103407).
IUCN Red List Status: Vulnerable (VU); Date assessed: 07 December 2017 (B1ab(i,ii,iii,v)+2ab(i,ii,iii,v)) Ref. (130435)
Threat to humans:  harmless


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