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Potamotrygon motoro (Müller & Henle, 1841)

South American freshwater stingray
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Image of Potamotrygon motoro (South American freshwater stingray)
Potamotrygon motoro
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Argentina country information

Common names: Arraia, Boró, Chucho de rio
Occurrence: native
Salinity: freshwater
Abundance: | Ref:
Importance: | Ref:
Aquaculture: | Ref:
Regulations: | Ref:
Uses: no uses
Comments: Found in Río Paraná in Rosario and Parano Platense (Ref. 51923). Also Ref. 36687, 56308, 58839.
National Checklist: Argentina
Country Information: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/ar.html
National Fisheries Authority:
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: Lopez, H.L., R.C. Menni and A.M. Miguelarena, 1987
National Database:

Common names from other countries

klasifikasi / Names Nama-nama umum | Sinonim (persamaan) | Catalog of Fishes(Marga, Jenis) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

Ikan bertulang rawan (sharks and rays) > Myliobatiformes (Stingrays) > Potamotrygonidae (River stingrays) > Potamotrygoninae
Etymology: Potamotrygon: Greek, potamos = river + Greek, trygon = a sting ray (Ref. 45335).
  More on authors: Müller & Henle.

Issue
Authorship of species is credited to Müller & Henle (1841) and not Naterrer (who collected the type specimen) as in Rosa (1985a). A widespread species that may require further subdivision after more study. Studies of its reproductive biology indicate that females attain sexual maturity between 24 and 32 cm DW (males between 20 and 30 cm DW), and may produce from three to 21 embryos per gestation (Achenbach & Achencbach, 1976) or only six or seven (Thorson et al., 1983b; these differences may be populational). Larger specimens may weigh 10 kg. This species has been captively bred in aquaria, but is still the most comercially imported species by the aquarium industry. Additional references: Bertin (1939), Castex & Castello (1970b), Achenbach & Achenbach (1976), Thorson et al. (1983b), Sérét & McEachran (1986), Ortega & Vari (1986), Paepke & Schmidt (1988), Barriga (1991), Compagno & Cook (1995), Lasso et al. (1997a), Ferreira et al. (1998), Britski et al. (1999).

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ekologi

; air tawar bentopelagis; pH range: 5.0 - 6.0; dH range: 10 - ?; potamodromous (Ref. 51243).   Tropical; 24°C - 26°C (Ref. 2060)

Penyebaran Negara-negara | Daerah-daerah FAO | Ecosystems | Kemunculan | Point map | Introduksi | Faunafri

South America: Uruguay, Paraná-Paraguay, Orinoco, and Amazon River basins.

Size / Weight / umur

Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 50.0 cm WD jantan/; (Ref. 36687); Berat maksimum terpublikasi: 34.2 kg (Ref. 85107)

Biologi     Daftar kata (contoh epibenthic)

Found in freshwater rivers. It is an extremely dangerous species. Maximum length reported in Axelrod et al., 1991 (Ref. 6398) is 100 cm TL.

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | Reproduksi, perkembang biakan | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larva

16 pups were born by one female in captivity (Ref. 57489).

rujukan utama Upload your references | Acuan | Koordinator : Carvalho, Marcelo | mitra

Ortega, H. and R.P. Vari, 1986. Annotated checklist of the freshwater fishes of Peru. Smithson. Contrib. Zool. (437):1-25. (Ref. 6329)

Status IUCN Red List (Ref. 130435)

  kekurangan data (DD) ; Date assessed: 01 October 2005

CITES (Ref. 128078)


CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

ancaman kepada manusia

  Traumatogenic (Ref. 4716)




penggunaan manusia

Perikanan: nilai komersial kecil; Akuarium: Akuarium publik
FAO(Publication : search) | FishSource |

informasi lanjut

Trophic ecology
Bahan makanan
Diet compositions
Food consumptions
Food rations
Pemangsa
Ecology
Ekologi
Home ranges
Population dynamics
Growths
Max. ages / sizes
Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
ukuran frekuensi
Mass conversions
Recruitments
Abundances
Life cycle
Reproduksi, perkembang biakan
Maturities
Fecundities
Spawnings
Spawning aggregations
Egg(s)
Egg developments
Larva
Dinamika larva
Anatomy
Gill areas
Otak
Otoliths
Physiology
Body compositions
Nutrients
Oxygen consumptions
Swimming type
Swimming speeds
Visual pigment(s)
Suara-suara ikan
Diseases / Parasites
Toxicities (LC50s)
Genetics
Genetika
Electrophoreses
Heritabilities
Human related
Aquaculture systems
profil budidaya air
Strain
Ciguatera cases
Stamps, coins, misc.
Outreach
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References
Acuan

Alat, peralatan

laporan khas

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Sumber internet

Estimates based on models

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804):  PD50 = 0.5000   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01000 (0.00244 - 0.04107), b=3.04 (2.81 - 3.27), in cm Total Length, based on all LWR estimates for this body shape (Ref. 93245).
Trophic level (Ref. 69278):  3.2   ±0.4 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
Daya lenting (Ref. 120179):  Rendah, Waktu penggandaan populasi minimum 4.5 - 14 tahun (Fec=16).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153):  Moderate to high vulnerability (54 of 100).
kategori harga (Ref. 80766):   Medium.