You can sponsor this page

Merluccius australis (Hutton, 1872)

Southern hake
Add your observation in Fish Watcher
Native range | All suitable habitat | Point map | Year 2050
This map was computer-generated and has not yet been reviewed.
Merluccius australis   AquaMaps   Data sources: GBIF OBIS
Upload your photos and videos
 Pictures | Google image
Image of Merluccius australis (Southern hake)
Merluccius australis
Picture by SeaFIC

Australia country information

Common names: Blue whiting, Hake, Southern hake
Occurrence: native
Salinity: marine
Abundance: | Ref:
Importance: | Ref:
Aquaculture: | Ref:
Regulations: | Ref:
Uses: no uses
Comments: Record based on a single TFDA specimen trawled off southwestern Tasmania in 600 m (Ref. 7300).
National Checklist:
Country Information: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/as.html
National Fisheries Authority: http://www.csiro.au/
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: Hoese, D.F., D.J. Bray, J.R. Paxton and G.R. Allen, 2006
National Database:

Common names from other countries

Merlu austral, Merluza austral, Мерлуза новозеландская, ... more

Classification / Names Populärnamn | synonymer | Catalog of Fishes(Släkte, Arter) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

> Gadiformes (Cods) > Merlucciidae (Merluccid hakes)
Etymology: Merluccius: Latin, mar, maris = the sea + Latin, lucius = pike (Ref. 45335).

Issue
Reported as M. polylepis in Patagonian waters.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ekologi

marina bentopelagisk; havsvandrande (Ref. 51243); djupintervall 28 - 1000 m (Ref. 58489).   Subtropical; 33°S - 59°S, 165°E - 66°W (Ref. 58452)

Utbredning Länder | FAO områden | Ekosystem | Förekomster | Point map | Utplanteringar | Faunafri

Circumglobal in the southern hemisphere (Ref. 7300). Two distinct groups. New Zealand population: Chatham Rise, Campbell Plateau and South Island northward to the East Cape. Patagonian population: Chiloé Island in the Pacific, southward around the southern tip of South America to the continental shelf to 59°S, and the slope north to 38°S in the Atlantic.

Length at first maturity / Size / Vikt / Age

Maturity: Lm 74.7, range 75 - 85 cm
Max length : 155 cm SL hane/ej könsbestämd; (Ref. 58452); common length : 80.0 cm TL hane/ej könsbestämd; (Ref. 1371); rapporterad maxålder: 30 år (Ref. 9072)

Short description Bestämningsnycklar | Morfologi | Morfometri

Taggstrålar i ryggfenan (totalt) : 1; Mjukstrålar i ryggfenan (totalt) : 48 - 57; Taggstrålar i analfenan: 0; Mjukstrålar i analfenan: 40 - 46; Ryggkotor: 53 - 58. Body more slender than other hakes. Pectoral fins long and slender, stripe reaching anal fin in young individuals but not in fish over 50 cm in SL. Gill rakers short and thick with blunt tips. Color is steel gray on back grading to silvery white ventrally.

Biologi     Ordlista (t.ex. epibenthic)

Found at depths between 415 and 1000 m in New Zealand waters, and 62 to 800 m in South American waters. The Patagonian population feeds on southern blue whiting, whiptail, nototheniids and squids. The New Zealand population feeds mainly on fishes (especially gadoids), squids, euphausiids and benthic organisms. Adults probably migrate southward during the southern summer for feeding and return to the north in winter for spawning (Ref. 1371). Spawning takes place from August to September on the western coast of South Island, from September to November in the northern part of the Campbell Plateau, and between November and January on Chatham Rise (Ref. 58452). Utilized as food fish and fishmeal.

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | Reproduktion | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larver

Main reference Upload your references | referenser | Koordinator | Medarbetare

Cohen, D.M., T. Inada, T. Iwamoto and N. Scialabba, 1990. FAO species catalogue. Vol. 10. Gadiform fishes of the world (Order Gadiformes). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of cods, hakes, grenadiers and other gadiform fishes known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(10). Rome: FAO. 442 p. (Ref. 1371)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)

  Not Evaluated 

CITES (Ref. 128078)

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

  Harmless




Human uses

Fiskeri: kommersiellt viktig
FAO(fiskeri: produktion, species profile; publication : search) | FishSource | Sea Around Us

Ytterligare information

Trophic ecology
Födoslag
Diet compositions
Food consumptions
Food rations
Predatorer
Ecology
Ekologi
Home ranges
Population dynamics
Growths
Max. ages / sizes
Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
Length-frequencies
Mass conversions
Recruitments
Abundances
Life cycle
Reproduktion
Maturities
Fecundities
Spawnings
Spawning aggregations
Egg(s)
Egg developments
Larver
Larvdynamik
Distribution
Länder
FAO områden
Ekosystem
Förekomster
Utplanteringar
BRUVS - Videos
Anatomy
Gill areas
Hjärnstorlek
Otoliths
Physiology
Body compositions
Nutrients
Oxygen consumptions
Swimming type
Swimming speeds
Visual pigment(s)
Fiskljud
Diseases / Parasites
Toxicities (LC50s)
Genetics
Genetik
Electrophoreses
Heritabilities
Human related
Aquaculture systems
Vattenbruksprofiler
Avelslinjer
Ciguatera cases
Stamps, coins, misc.
Outreach
Medarbetare
Taxonomy
Populärnamn
synonymer
Morfologi
Morfometri
Bilder
References
referenser

Verktyg

E-book | Fälthandbok | Bestämningsnycklar | Längdfördelnings-verktyg | Livshistorie-verktyg | Prickkarta | Classification Tree | Catch-MSY |

Special reports

Check for Aquarium maintenance | Check for Species Fact Sheets | Check for Aquaculture Fact Sheets

Download XML

Summary page | Point data | Populärnamn | Photos

Internet-källor

Aquatic Commons | BHL | Cloffa | BOLDSystems | Websites from users | Check FishWatcher | CISTI | Catalog of Fishes(Släkte, Arter) | DiscoverLife | ECOTOX | Faunafri | Fishtrace | GenBank(genome, nucleotide) | GloBI | GOBASE | | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | IGFA World Record | MitoFish | Nationella databaser | Otolith Atlas of Taiwan Fishes | PubMed | Reef Life Survey | Scirus | SeaLifeBase | Tree of Life | Wikipedia(Go, sök) | World Records Freshwater Fishing | Zoological Record

Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 115969): 6.2 - 13.3, mean 8.6 (based on 112 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804):  PD50 = 0.5000   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00398 (0.00334 - 0.00475), b=3.10 (3.05 - 3.15), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245).
Trofisk nivå (Ref. 69278):  4.3   ±0.74 se; based on food items.
Resiliens (Ref. 120179):  Låg, lägsta populationsfördubblingstid 4,5-14 år (K=0.07-0.19; tm=6-10; tmax=30).
Prior r = 0.24, 95% CL = 0.16 - 0.35, Based on 4 full stock assessments.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153):  High vulnerability (56 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref. 125649):  High vulnerability (61 of 100).
Price category (Ref. 80766):   Medium.