Brazil country information

Common names: Cará
Occurrence: native
Salinity: freshwater
Abundance: | Ref:
Importance: | Ref:
Aquaculture: | Ref:
Regulations: | Ref:
Uses: live export: yes;
Comments: Restricted to the laguna dos Patos and rio Tramandaí drainages in Rio Grande do Sul (Ref. 118066). Questionable occurrence in Lagoa Mirim drainages (Ref. 36377) and Uruguay River (Ref. 79585), probably misidentification (see Ref. 118066). Also Ref. 36377.
National Checklist:
Country Information: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/br.html
National Fisheries Authority:
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: Zaniboni Filho, E., S. Meurer, O.A. Shibatta and A.P. de Oliverira Nuñer, 2004
National Database:

Common names from other countries

Earth eater, Castañeta, 裸光盖丽鱼, ... more

Classification / Names Κοινά ονόματα | Συνώνυμα | Catalog of Fishes(Γένος, Είδη) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

> Cichliformes (Cichlids, convict blennies) > Cichlidae (Cichlids) > Geophaginae
Etymology: Gymnogeophagus: Greek, gymnos = naked + Greek, gea = the earth + Greek, phaegein, to eat (Ref. 45335).

Issue
Redescription in Reis & Malabarba (1988).

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Οικολογία

; Γλυκού νερού βενθοπελαγικό. Tropical; 21°C - 24°C (Ref. 2060)

Κατανομή Χώρες | Περιοχές FAO | Οικοσυστήματα | Παρουσίες | Point map | Εισαγωγές | Faunafri

South America: Brazil and Uruguay.

Μέγεθος / Βάρος / Age

Maturity: L_m ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 15.0 cm SL αρσενικό/απροσδιόριστο; (Ref. 36377)

Spawns on the bottom. A male will spawn with more than one female if there is more than one ripe female around. If not, he is satisfied to spawn with one partner and to stay with one female forever (Ref. 12251). Maximum length 25 cm TL (Ref. 2060).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | Αναπαραγωγή | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Προνύμφες

Eggs are deposited on substrate and covered with sand; female protects clutch and takes larvae into the mouth after hatching; larvophile mouth brooder. This corrects previous information from Ref. 2060.

Main reference Upload your references | Αναφορές | Συντονιστής : Kullander, Sven O. | Συνεργάτες

Kullander, S.O., 2003. Cichlidae (Cichlids). p. 605-654. In R.E. Reis, S.O. Kullander and C.J. Ferraris, Jr. (eds.) Checklist of the Freshwater Fishes of South and Central America. Porto Alegre: EDIPUCRS, Brasil. (Ref. 36377)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)

Least Concern (LC) ; Date assessed: 07 November 2018

CITES (Ref. 128078)

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

Harmless

Human uses

αλιεία: Εμπορικό(ά); Ενυδρείο: Εμπορικό(ά)

FAO(Publication : search) | FishSource |

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Trophic ecology
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Diet compositions
Food consumptions
Food rations
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Ecology
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Population dynamics
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Max. ages / sizes
Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
Length-frequencies
Mass conversions
Recruitments
Abundances

Life cycle
Αναπαραγωγή
Maturities
Fecundities
Spawnings
Spawning aggregations
Egg(s)
Egg developments
Προνύμφες
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Human related
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Προφίλ υδατοκαλλιεργειών
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Ciguatera cases
Stamps, coins, misc.

Outreach
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Taxonomy
Κοινά ονόματα
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Check for Aquarium maintenance | Check for Species Fact Sheets | Check for Aquaculture Fact Sheets

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Summary page | Σημειακά στοιχεία | Κοινά ονόματα | Photos

Διαδικτυακές πηγές

Estimates based on models

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804): PD₅₀ = 0.5005 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01862 (0.00849 - 0.04084), b=3.01 (2.83 - 3.19), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref. 93245).

Τροφικό Επίπεδο (Ref. 69278): 3.4 ±0.5 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives

Ελαστικότητα (Ref. 120179): Υψηλό, ελάχιστος χρόνος για διπλασιασμό πληθυσμού < 15 μήνες (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).

Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): Low vulnerability (10 of 100).

Price category (Ref. 80766): Unknown.

Gymnogeophagus gymnogenys (Hensel, 1870)