Common names from other countries
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Mulliformes (Goatfishes) >
Mullidae (Goatfishes)
Etymology: Pseudupeneus: Greek, pseudes = false + Peneus, the name of a river.
More on author: Gill.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ekologi
marina bottenlevande; djupintervall 1 - 67 m (Ref. 121813). Subtropical; 33°N - 21°S, 118°W - 70°W
Eastern Pacific: Baja California, Mexico to Chile; one specimen was caught at the artificially warm outfall at the San Onofre (southern California, USA) nuclear power plant.
Length at first maturity / Size / Vikt / Age
Maturity: Lm 18.3  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 30.0 cm TL hane/ej könsbestämd; (Ref. 2850)
Adults inhabit sandy and muddy bottoms near the coast and in deep waters as well (Ref. 9322).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | Reproduktion | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larver
Eschmeyer, W.N., E.S. Herald and H. Hammann, 1983. A field guide to Pacific coast fishes of North America. Boston (MA, USA): Houghton Mifflin Company. xii+336 p. (Ref. 2850)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
CITES (Ref. 128078)
Not Evaluated
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
Verktyg
Special reports
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
115969): 18.7 - 28.9, mean 25.8 (based on 86 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.6250 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00832 (0.00560 - 0.01235), b=3.18 (3.06 - 3.30), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
Trofisk nivå (Ref.
69278): 3.4 ±0.3 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
Resiliens (Ref.
120179): Mellan, lägsta populationsfördubblingstid 1,4-4,4 år (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (20 of 100).