Found on the continental shelves and upper slopes. Depth range from 16-440 m (Ref. 0247), and from 300-780m in the eastern Ionian Sea (Ref. 56504). Forms schools. Off West Africa, water temperature and salinity where this species is often found ranges from 11-18°C and 36 ppt. (at 16 to 255 m depth), respectively. Feeds on bony fishes, like denticids, mackerel and percichthyids, as well as crabs, lobsters, and octopi. Ovoviviparous, with 3 to 4 young per litter. Utilized fresh, dried salted and smoked for human consumption.
栖息于大陆棚与上层斜坡了。 来自 16-440 公尺 (参考文献 0247) 的深度范围, 与从 300-780 公尺在爱奥尼亚的海洋东部中.(参考文献 56504) 形成鱼群。 非洲西部外, 这种时常发现范围从 11-18 °C 与 36个 ppt 的水温与盐度。 (在 16 到 255 公尺深), 分别地。 吃硬骨鱼类, 像 denticids ，鲭与真鲈科鱼类, 以及螃蟹，龙虾与章鱼。 卵胎生的, 3 到 4个幼鱼每胎。 生鲜使用, 干燥盐腌而且烟熏了供人类消费。
Preferred temperature (Ref.
115969): 10.3 - 15.6, mean 13.4 (based on 273 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00324 (0.00271 - 0.00387), b=3.06 (3.01 - 3.11), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 4.0 ±0.4 se; based on diet studies.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 非常低的, 最小族群倍增时间超过14 年 (K=0.10-0.14; Fec=3).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): High to very high vulnerability (68 of 100).
