Common names from other countries
分类 / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
海洋; 半咸淡水 礁区鱼类; 海洋洄游的 (Ref. 51243); 深度上下限 20 - 200 m (Ref. 36128). 亚热带的; 32°N - 35°S, 18°E - 157°E
Indo-West Pacific: Red Sea and East Africa to the Philippines, north to southern Japan and Korea, south to northern Australia. Introduced into the eastern Mediterranean Sea.
印度-西太平洋: 红海而且东非到菲律宾,北至日本南部与韩国, 南至澳洲北部。 引入地中海东部中了。
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm 45.7  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 100.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 7050); common length : 60.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 3476); 最大体重: 3.5 kg (Ref. 40637)
背棘 (总数) : 9 - 10; 背的软条 (总数) : 13; 臀棘: 0; 臀鳍软条: 13. Brownish or grayish above, whitish below; caudal fin 2-3 horizontal black stripes (Ref. 4315). Head strongly depressed. Preopercular spines 2, lower usually longest. Vomerine teeth in a single transverse band. Dorsal fin I,VII,I, I,I,VII,I or I,VIII, 13. Anteriormost lateral line scale usually with a small spine or ridge. Diagonal scale rows slanting backward above lateral line 83-107. Iris lappet a single elongated lobe. Identified by the distinctive color pattern on the caudal fin: centrally yellow and black stripes on upper and lower margins (Ref. 48635).
褐色或浅灰色的上方, 腹面略白的; 尾鳍 2-3 水平的黑色斑纹.(参考文献 4315) 头部强烈地扁平的。 前鳃盖骨棘 2, 低的通常长的。 在一条横跨的条纹中的犁骨齿。 背鳍 I,7,I , I , I,7,I 或 I,8,13. 最前面的侧线鳞片通常有一根小的棘或脊。 斜的鳞片列向后倾斜在侧联机面 83-107. 虹膜垂部一个瘦长的叶。 在尾鳍上鉴定特徵为特殊的彩色斑纹了: 在上、下边缘上的中心黄色与黑色的斑纹.(参考文献 48635)
Found on sandy and muddy bottoms of coastal waters (Ref. 5213, 48635). Frequently in estuaries, juveniles have been taken in freshwater. Taken by handlining and seining in shallow waters and by trawling at depths to 30 m, usually less (Ref. 9790). A good food fish (Ref. 4315) that is marketed fresh (Ref. 5284). Commercially cultured in Japan. Used in Chinese medicine (Ref. 12166).
栖息于沿岸水域的沙泥底了。 (参考文献 5213,48635) 时常在河口,稚鱼采自淡水。 以手钓和围网捕捉在浅水区中了与使用拖网深达 30 公尺, 通常更少.(参考文献 9790) 一个好食用鱼 (参考文献 4315) ,那是生鲜销售.(参考文献 5284) 商业地在日本养殖。 被用于中药材了。 (参考文献 12166)
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | 繁殖 | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | 仔鱼
Also Ref. 103751.印度-西太平洋: 红海而且东非到菲律宾,北至日本南部与韩国, 南至澳洲北部。 引入地中海东部中了。
Bauchot, M.-L., 1987. Poissons osseux. p. 891-1421. In W. Fischer, M.L. Bauchot and M. Schneider (eds.) Fiches FAO d'identification pour les besoins de la pêche. (rev. 1). Méditerranée et mer Noire. Zone de pêche 37. Vol. II. Commission des Communautés Européennes and FAO, Rome. (Ref. 3397)
CITES (Ref. 128078)
Not Evaluated
人类利用
渔业: 商业性; 养殖: 商业性; 游钓鱼种: 是的
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
115969): 21.7 - 28.3, mean 26.5 (based on 979 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00501 (0.00398 - 0.00631), b=3.05 (2.98 - 3.12), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 3.6 ±0.6 se; based on diet studies.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增时间最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (tmax=7).
Prior r = 0.64, 95% CL = 0.42 - 0.96, Based on 1 data-limited stock assessment.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (34 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): Very high vulnerability (79 of 100).