Malaysia country information

Common names: Belut, Swamp eel
Occurrence: native
Salinity: freshwater
Abundance: | Ref:
Importance: | Ref:
Aquaculture: | Ref:
Regulations: | Ref:
Uses: no uses
Comments: Known from the Gelami and Tinggi Rivers, Pahang River system (Ref. 97588). Recorded from Pulau Tioman. Young specimens (30-40 mm TL) were caught from among leaf litter in more stagnant sections of the stream, while larger specimens above 200 mm TL were caught from submerged bank vegetation (Ref. 41184).
National Checklist:
Country Information: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/my.html
National Fisheries Authority:
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: Ng, H.H., H.H. Tan and K.K.P. Lim, 1999
National Database:

Common names from other countries

Угорь рисовый (=флюта белая), 黄鳝, Belut, ... more

Classification / Names Populärnamn | synonymer | Catalog of Fishes(Släkte, Arter) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

> Synbranchiformes (Spiny eels) > Synbranchidae (Swamp-eels)
Etymology: Monopterus: Greek, monos = one, unique + Greek, pteron = fin (Ref. 45335).

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ekologi

; sötvatten; brackvatten bottenlevande; flodvandrande (Ref. 51243); djupintervall 3 - ? m (Ref. 2686). Tropical; 25°C - 28°C (Ref. 2060); 34°N - 6°S

Utbredning Länder | FAO områden | Ekosystem | Förekomster | Point map | Utplanteringar | Faunafri

Asia: India to China, Japan, Malaysia and Indonesia. Probably occurring in Bangladesh.

Size / Vikt / Age

Maturity: L_m ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 100.0 cm SL hane/ej könsbestämd; (Ref. 2686); common length : 40.0 cm SL hane/ej könsbestämd; (Ref. 44894)

Short description Bestämningsnycklar | Morfologi | Morfometri

Anguilliform body; no scales; no pectoral and pelvic fins; dorsal, caudal and anal fins confluent and reduced to a skin fold; gill openings merged into single slit underneath the head (Ref. 27732). Rice paddy eels are red to brown with a sprinkling of dark flecks across their backs; large mouths and small eyes (Ref. 44091).

Obligate air-breathing (Ref. 126274); Found in hill streams to lowland wetlands (Ref. 57235) often occurring in ephemeral waters (Ref. 44894). Adults are found in medium to large rivers, flooded fields and stagnant waters including sluggish flowing canals (Ref. 12975, 12693), in streamlets and estuaries (Ref. 41236). Benthic (Ref. 58302), burrowing in moist earth in dry season surviving for long periods without water (Ref 2686). Occasionally dug out in old taro fields, in Hawaii, long after the field has been drained; more frequently observed in stream clearing operations using heavy equipment to remove large amounts of silt and vegetation where the eels are hidden (Ref. 44091). Nocturnal predators devouring fishes, worms, crustaceans, and other small aquatic animals (Ref. 44091); also feed on detritus. Are protandrous hermaphrodites. The male guards and builds nest or burrow (Ref. 205). Marketed fresh and can be kept alive for long periods of time as long as the skin is kept moist (Ref. 12693). Good flesh (Ref. 2686). Important fisheries throughout Southeast Asia (Ref. 57235).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | Reproduktion | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larver

Male builds a large free-floating bubblenest among the submerged vegetation close to the shoreline; eggs are spat into the nest after being laid; male guards the nest and continues to guard the young after hatching till they are on their own (Ref. 44091). Spawning occurs in shallow water (Ref. 2060). Sex reversal is completed in 8-30 weeks (Ref. 34260).

Main reference Upload your references | referenser | Koordinator : Fávorito, Sandra | Medarbetare

Talwar, P.K. and A.G. Jhingran, 1991. Inland fishes of India and adjacent countries. Volume 2. A.A. Balkema, Rotterdam, i-xxii + 543-1158, 1 pl. (Ref. 4833)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)

Least Concern (LC) ; Date assessed: 10 November 2020

CITES (Ref. 128078)

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

Harmless

Human uses

Fiskeri: kommersiell; Vattenbruk: kommersiell; Akvarium: Kommersiell

FAO(Aquaculture systems: produktion; fiskeri: produktion; publication : search) | FishSource |

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Estimates based on models

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804): PD₅₀ = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00059 (0.00036 - 0.00095), b=3.06 (2.91 - 3.21), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref. 93245).

Trofisk nivå (Ref. 69278): 2.9 ±0.28 se; based on food items.

Resiliens (Ref. 120179): Mellan, lägsta populationsfördubblingstid 1,4-4,4 år (Fec = 1,000).

Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): High vulnerability (65 of 100).

Price category (Ref. 80766): Unknown.

Monopterus albus (Zuiew, 1793)