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Gerres longirostris (Lacepède, 1801)

Strongspine silver-biddy
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Native range | All suitable habitat | Point map | Year 2050
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Gerres longirostris   AquaMaps   Data sources: GBIF OBIS
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Image of Gerres longirostris (Strongspine silver-biddy)
Gerres longirostris
Picture by Moosleitner, H.


Malaysia country information

Common names: Kapas ekor panjang, Kapas laut, Kapas-kapas
Occurrence: native
Salinity: marine
Abundance: | Ref:
Importance: | Ref:
Aquaculture: | Ref:
Regulations: | Ref:
Uses: no uses
Comments:
National Checklist:
Country Information: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/my.html
National Fisheries Authority:
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: Mohsin, A.K.M., M.A. Ambak and M.N.A. Salam, 1993
National Database:

Common names from other countries

Classification / Names Tên thường gặp | Các synonym ( Các tên trùng) | Catalog of Fishes(Giống, Các loài) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

> Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria) > Gerreidae (Mojarras)
Etymology: Gerres: Latin, gerres = a kind of anchovies; cited by Plinius.
  More on author: Lacepède.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Sinh thái học

Biển; Nước ngọt; Thuộc về nước lợ Cùng sống ở rạn san hô; sống cả ở nước ngọt và nuớc mặn (Ref. 51243); Mức độ sâu 0 - 50 m (Ref. 86942).   Tropical; 32°N - 36°S, 24°E - 170°W

Sự phân bố Các nước | Các khu vực của FAO | Các hệ sinh thái | Những lần xuất hiện | Point map | Những chỉ dẫn | Faunafri

Indo-Pacific: Red Sea and South Africa to the Marquesas Islands, north to the Ryukyu Islands, south to Australia. Also reported from Persian Gulf (Ref. 68964).

Length at first maturity / Bộ gần gũi / Khối lượng (Trọng lượng) / Age

Maturity: Lm 20.6  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 44.5 cm TL con đực/không giới tính; (Ref. 90102); common length : 20.0 cm TL con đực/không giới tính; (Ref. 5450)

Short description Khóa để định loại | Hình thái học | Sinh trắc học

Các tia vây lưng cứng (tổng cộng) : 9; Các vây lưng mềm (tổng cộng) : 10; Tia cứng vây hậu môn: 3; Tia mềm vây hậu môn: 7. Live specimens' head and trunk sides olive-green above, becoming silvery below; snout region blackish dorsally; dorsal fin membrane with faint black blotches or small spots at each spine and ray, just above edge of scaly basal sheath, silvery anteriorly on 1st-5th dorsal spine, grading to hyaline on spinous and soft dorsal fin; anal fin scaly basal sheath silver; distal part of pelvic fin between 1st-5th soft rays often white or hyaline for 1/5-1/3 of ray length, other parts hyaline or slightly yellowish; pectoral and anal fins hyaline. Caudal fin dusky with broad darker margin posteriorly which may be indistinct in old or poorly preserved specimens; ventral edge of lower caudal fin lobe white or bluish-white. Generally, body with prominent dark stripes along scale rows above lateral line (distinct in preserved specimens); 4-9 somewhat oblique dusky bars or columns of ovoid dark spots immediately below lateral line in specimens over 10 cm SL (dusky bars on less than 10 cm) but more apparent in preserved or stressed individuals. Scales between 5th dorsal fin spine base and lateral line 5-6.5 (modally 5.5). Upper jaw extending vertically beyond anteriormost margin of dermal eye opening, sometimes reaching to vertical at anterior margin of pupil. Second dorsal fin spine longest, 17-25% SL (Ref. 41108, 4372). Pre-opercle lower flange scaled. Body depth max 2.3-2.8 in SL. Pectoral fins reaches to or beyond level of anal-fin origin; caudal fin forked deeply (Ref. 90102). Pelvic fin of Red Sea specimens solid yellow with a narrow white distal margin; anal fin with a yellow tinge between the first rays; pectoral fin base with a dark brown spot (Horst Moosleitner, personal communication, homosub@aon.at). Examination of the meristic and morphometric data of the syntypes of G. lineolatus and G. rueppellii, and holotype of G. darnleyense showed all these are subadult or young specimens of G. longirostris (Ref. 41108).

Sinh học     Tự điển (thí dụ epibenthic)

Adults often in clear coastal waters up to about 50 m depth; juveniles often in estuaries or lagoons influenced by fresh water (Ref. 41108); they prefer shallow waters over sandy bottoms, from coral reefs to brackish waters (Ref. 30573). Fry about 10 cm in length enter the estuaries and stay until they reach maturity (Ref. 34363). Occur singly or in groups (Ref. 9710). Feed on small bottom invertebrates (Ref. 3409). In the Gilberts, the species forms spawning aggregations for a few days around the new moon (Ref. 37816). Sold fresh in markets; processed into fishmeal. Also taken with stake-nets (Ref. 3409).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | Sự tái sinh sản | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Ấu trùng

Main reference Upload your references | Các tài liệu tham khảo | Người điều phối : Woodland, David J. | Người cộng tác

Iwatsuki, Y., S. Kimura and T. Yoshino, 2001. Redescription of Gerres longirostris (Lacepède, 1801) and Gerres oblongus Cuvier in Cuvier and Valenciennes, 1830, included in the Gerres longirostris complex (Perciformes: Gerreidae). Copeia 2001(4):954-965. (Ref. 41108)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)

  Least Concern (LC) ; Date assessed: 02 March 2015

CITES (Ref. 128078)

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

  Harmless




Human uses

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Thêm thông tin

Trophic ecology
Các loại thức ăn
Diet compositions
Food consumptions
Food rations
Các động vật ăn mồi
Ecology
Sinh thái học
Home ranges
Population dynamics
Growths
Max. ages / sizes
Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
Length-frequencies
Mass conversions
Recruitments
Abundances
Life cycle
Sự tái sinh sản
Maturities
Fecundities
Spawnings
Spawning aggregations
Egg(s)
Egg developments
Ấu trùng
Sự biến động ấu trùng
Anatomy
Gill areas
Não bộ
Otoliths
Physiology
Body compositions
Nutrients
Oxygen consumptions
Dạng bơi
Swimming speeds
Visual pigment(s)
Âm thanh của cá
Diseases / Parasites
Toxicities (LC50s)
Genetics
Di truyền
Electrophoreses
Heritabilities
Human related
Aquaculture systems
Các tổng quan nuôi trồng thủy sản
Các giống
Ciguatera cases
Stamps, coins, misc.

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Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 115969): 24.7 - 29.3, mean 28.5 (based on 3461 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804):  PD50 = 0.5000   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01047 (0.00612 - 0.01792), b=3.05 (2.91 - 3.19), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref. 93245).
Mức dinh dưỡng (Ref. 69278):  3.5   ±0.34 se; based on food items.
Thích nghi nhanh (Ref. 120179):  Trung bình, thời gian nhân đôi của chủng quần tối thiểu là 1.4 - 4.4 năm (tmax=9; k=0.23-0.29; tm=1.5).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153):  Low to moderate vulnerability (30 of 100).
Price category (Ref. 80766):   Medium.