Common names from other countries
分类 / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
海洋; 海洋洄游的 (Ref. 51243); 深度上下限 0 - 1 m (Ref. 122940). 亚热带的; 43°N - 34°S
Subtropical waters of all oceans. Eastern Atlantic: occasional to Spain and English Channel, western Mediterranean (a separate population migrates to the southeastern part in winter), Portugal to Mauritania and from south of Namibia; also off the Cape, South Africa (Ref. 2797). Possibly in Ascension I. (Ref. 98447). Western Atlantic: Massachusetts, USA and Bermuda to southern Brazil (Ref. 7251). Northwest Atlantic: Canada (Ref. 5951).
所有海洋的亚热带水域。 东大西洋: 偶然的到西班牙与英伦海峡，地中海西部 (一个个别的族群回游到东南方的部份冬天时), 葡萄牙到毛里塔尼亚与从那米比亚南方; 也外海的南非开普省.(参考文献 2797) 西大西洋: 美国麻萨诸塞州与百慕达群岛到巴西南部.(参考文献 7251)
大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 30.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 7251); common length : 20.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 3397)
背棘 (总数) : 0; 背的软条 (总数) : 10 - 12; 臀棘: 0; 臀鳍软条: 10 - 13; 脊椎骨: 45 - 47. This species is distinguished by the following characters: elongated body is nearly rectangular in cross-section, almost flat ventrally, its depth 6.2 to 7.9 times in standard length (SL); 45-47 vertebrae; 25-30 predorsal scales; scales in transverse row 6 to 7.5, usually 6.5; the head 4.2-5.2 times in SL: eye 3.1-3.3 times in head; subequal jaws; jaw teeth conspicuous, conical; no palatine teeth; gill rakers on first arch 25-31; dorsal fin low, with 10-12 rays; anal fin with 10-13 rays, originating slightly before, or 1-2 rays behind dorsal-fin origin; pectoral fins 1.3-1.4 times in SL and with 16-18 rays, first 2 rays unbranched; pelvic fins 2.8-3.4 times in SL, inserted slightly nearer to posterior margin of opercle than origin of caudal fin base: juveniles without barbel (Ref. 109257). Colour of body dark, iridescent blue above, silvery white below; dorsal and caudal fins greyish, other fins hyaline (Ref. 2797); pectoral fins black without unpigmented cross-band and with a narrow light outer margin; pelvic fins usually without black spot (Ref. 109257); juveniles elongate, paired fins black (Ref. 2797).
身体黑的，上半部有蓝色虹彩，和下面银白色的; 背鳍与尾鳍鳍略灰色又其他的鳍透明的.(参考文献 2797) 稚鱼延长, 偶鳍黑色.(参考文献 2797)
Inhabits oceanic surface waters. Capable of leaping out of the water and gliding for considerable distances above the surface (Ref. 3720). Feeds on zooplankton (Ref. 109257). Eggs with bunch of filaments opposed by a single filament on opposite pole (Ref. 6523). Reported to have no importance to fisheries (Ref. 109257). Depth assumed from ecology data.
栖息于海洋表面水域。 能够从水中跳出来而且在水面上滑行相当的距离。 (参考文献 3720) 卵有在相反的杆上被一个丝状突起反对的成串的丝状突起。 (参考文献 6523)
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | 繁殖 | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | 仔鱼
所有海洋的亚热带水域。 东大西洋: 偶然的到西班牙与英伦海峡，地中海西部 (一个个别的族群回游到东南方的部份冬天时), 葡萄牙到毛里塔尼亚与从那米比亚南方; 也外海的南非开普省.(参考文献 2797) 西大西洋: 美国麻萨诸塞州与百慕达群岛到巴西南部.(参考文献 7251)
Carpenter, K.E. and N. De Angelis (eds.), 2016. The living marine resources of the Eastern Central Atlantic. Vol. 3: Bony fishes part 1 (Elopiformes to Scorpaeniformes). FAO Species Identification Guide for Fishery Purposes, Rome, FAO. pp. 1511-2350. (Ref. 109257)
CITES (Ref. 128078)
Not Evaluated
人类利用
渔业: 商业性
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特别资料
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
115969): 15.2 - 27.8, mean 24.5 (based on 1598 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5002 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00646 (0.00292 - 0.01429), b=3.04 (2.84 - 3.24), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 3.0 ±0.1 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 高度, 族群倍增时间少于 15个月 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (20 of 100).
