Common names from other countries
分类 / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Ovalentaria/misc (Various families in series Ovalentaria) >
Embiotocidae (Surfperches)
Etymology: Cymatogaster: Greek, kyma,-atos = wave, swelling, bump + Greek, gaster = stomach (Ref. 45335); aggregata: Cymatogater foetus belly - alluding to the fact that it is a live bearer; aggregata crowded together (Ref. 4930).
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
海洋; 半咸淡水 居于水底的; 非迁移的; 深度上下限 1 - 146 m (Ref. 2850). 亞熱帶的; 57°N - 21°N, 137°W - 105°W
Eastern Pacific: Wrangell, southeastern Alaska to Bahia San Quintin, northern Baja California, Mexico.
東太平洋: Wrangell ,阿拉斯加州東南方到 Bahia 桑河 Quintin ,墨西哥的下加利福尼亞北部。
大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 20.3 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 27547); common length : 11.5 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 12193); 最大年龄: 9 年 (Ref. 56049)
背棘 (总数) : 8 - 11; 背的软条 (总数) : 19 - 22; 臀棘: 3; 臀鳍软条: 22 - 25; 脊椎骨: 33 - 37. Distinguished by the rather deep, compressed body, the large scales, and the three spines in the anal fin (Ref. 27547). Lateral line slightly arched, complete (Ref. 27547). Generally silvery, with back dusky to greenish; middle of sides toward head are scales with groups of fine black dots on them, forming about eight longitudinal stripes; the stripes are often interrupted, especially in females, by three pale yellow, vertical bands; paired fins colorless; dorsal and caudal fins plain or dusky; anal fin usually colorless, sometimes with a yellow blotch toward the front (Ref. 27547). Breeding males may be almost solid black and develop fleshy lobes on both sides of anal fin (Ref. 27547).
在臀鳍中区别的特徵为相当深又扁长形的身体,大的鳞片与这三个棘了。 (参考文献 27547) 侧线些微弓形, 完成.(参考文献 27547) 通常银色的, 藉由暗色的背面到呈绿色的; 对于头部的侧边中央是在他们上鳞片有群体的细黑色的点, 形成大约八条纵向的斑纹; 斑纹时常被中断, 尤其在雌性中, 三条白黄色又垂直的条纹; 偶鳍无色的; 背鳍与尾鳍鳍平原或暗色的; 臀鳍通常无色的, 有时有一个黄色的斑块朝向前面.(参考文献 27547) 繁殖期的雄性可能是几乎纯黑色而且在臀鳍的两边上发育肉质的叶.(参考文献 27547)
Usually in shallow water, around eelgrass beds, piers and pilings and commonly found in bays and quiet back waters (Ref. 2850). Also in calm areas of exposed coast (Ref. 2850). Enter estuaries and brackish waters (Ref. 114138) [noted from freshwaters in Ref. 2850, but it is unlikely or rarely]. Found in loose schools or aggregations (Ref. 2850, Ref. 114138). Young feed mainly on copepods, while adults eat various small crustaceans, mollusks, and algae (Ref. 27547). Viviparous, female carries the developing young (Ref. 205). Exhibit seasonal onshore-offshore movements (Ref. 27547).
通常在浅水区, 鳗草床,码头与桩材的周围而且普遍发现于海湾与安静的背面水域.(参考文献 2850) 也在裸露海岸的平静区域中.(参考文献 2850) 进入半咸淡水与淡水。 (参考文献 2850) 发现于松散的鱼群或群集了。 (参考文献 2850) 幼鱼主要吃桡脚类的动物, 虽然成鱼吃各种不同的小型甲壳动物,软件动物与藻类。 (参考文献 27547) 显示季节性的向陆及离陆的运动。 (参考文献 27547)
Viviparous. Mating is preceded by courtship. The male moves slowly toward the female, who retreats. Her flight stimulates pursuit by up to 10 males. During the pursuit, males attempt to bring their anal regions in contact with that of the female. One male heads off the female, urging her away from the group of males and also driving them away. The female is conducted to the shelter of a rock or other object, where the courtship dance begins. In this dance, the male, with dorsal fin fully erect, swims by means of his pectoral fin in a figure eight pattern over the female, udulating in both the horizontal and vertical planes. The male then stops, faces the female head to head, quivers, then moves his jaws and undulates his dorsal fin. He then moves beside the female, facing in the same direction, and repeats the movements. Finally, the male tilts on his side, the female tilts slightly away from hin, and the anal regions are brought in contact with each other. Copulation lasts less than a second. Gestation takes five to six months. Bears 3 to 36 young. Female carries the developing young (Ref. 205). Males are mature and ripe at birth. Juvenile females are mated soon after being born (Ref. 27547).東太平洋: Wrangell ,阿拉斯加州東南方到 Bahia 桑河 Quintin ,墨西哥的下加利福尼亞北部。
Eschmeyer, W.N., E.S. Herald and H. Hammann, 1983. A field guide to Pacific coast fishes of North America. Boston (MA, USA): Houghton Mifflin Company. xii+336 p. (Ref. 2850)
CITES (Ref. 128078)
Not Evaluated
人类利用
渔业: 低经济; 游钓鱼种: 是的; 诱饵: occasionally
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
115969): 8 - 12.1, mean 9.7 (based on 100 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 1.0000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01905 (0.00831 - 0.04372), b=2.97 (2.77 - 3.17), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 3.0 ±0.31 se; based on food items.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增时间最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (tm=1; tmax=9; Fec=3-78).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (10 of 100).