Common names from other countries
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ekologi
marina bottenlevande; djupintervall 61 - 396 m (Ref. 2850). Subtropical; 38°N - 26°N, 123°W - 113°W
Eastern Central Pacific: San Francisco in California, USA to central Baja California, Mexico.
Size / Vikt / Age
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 48.0 cm TL hane/ej könsbestämd; (Ref. 2850); rapporterad maxålder: 50 år (Ref. 39273)
Inhabit rough bottom (Ref. 2850). Viviparous (Ref. 34817).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | Reproduktion | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larver
Eschmeyer, W.N., E.S. Herald and H. Hammann, 1983. A field guide to Pacific coast fishes of North America. Boston (MA, USA): Houghton Mifflin Company. xii+336 p. (Ref. 2850)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
CITES (Ref. 128078)
Not Evaluated
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
Fiskeri: kommersiell
Verktyg
Special reports
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
115969): 8.4 - 11.2, mean 9.2 (based on 9 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01000 (0.00499 - 0.02004), b=3.09 (2.92 - 3.26), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trofisk nivå (Ref.
69278): 3.7 ±0.5 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
Resiliens (Ref.
120179): Mycket låg, lägsta populationsfördubblingstid mer än 14 år (tm=12; tmax=50).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): High to very high vulnerability (68 of 100).