New Zealand country information

Common names: Elephant fish, Elephantfish, Makorepe
Occurrence: native
Salinity: brackish
Abundance: | Ref:
Importance: minor commercial | Ref: Annala, J.H. (comp.), 1994
Aquaculture: | Ref:
Regulations: restricted | Ref: Cox, G. and M. Francis, 1997
Uses: no uses
Comments: Occurs around the South Island, most common near Banks Peninsula, in 20-200 m (Ref. 9258). From Eastern Bay of Plenty to Snares shelf, possibly to Kaipara Harbour (Ref. 89422). Fished commercially during the spring-summer inshore migration (Ref. 26346). Annual catch sometimes approaches 1,000 tons with substantial quantity exported to Australia (Ref. 9072). The fishery is predominantly an incidental by-catch of other target fisheries (Ref. 9072). May be sold as fish and chips (Ref. 26346). Voucher specimen(s) held at the NMNZ (Ref. 5755). Also Ref. 6871, 27363, 58461, 75154.
National Checklist:
Country Information: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/nz.html
National Fisheries Authority: http://www.fish.govt.nz/
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: Cox, G. and M. Francis, 1997
National Database:

Common names from other countries

Masca laboureur, Каллоринх австралийский (=слоновая акула), Elephant fish, ... more

Classification / Names Populärnamn | synonymer | Catalog of Fishes(Släkte, Arter) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

Holocephali (helhuvudsfiskar) (chimaeras) > Chimaeriformes (Chimaeras) > Callorhinchidae (Plownose chimaeras)
Etymology: Callorhinchus: Tautonymous with Chimaera callorynchus Linnaeus 1758 (but unnecessarily emended from -rynchus to -rhinchus: callum (L.), hard skin; rhynchus (L.), snout, referring to peculiar hoe-shaped proboscis. (See ETYFish); milii: In honor of Bory de Saint-Vincent’s “old friend” (translation) Pierre Bernard Milius (1773‒1829), a French naval officer, naturalist and civil servant, who supplied specimen upon which description and its accompanying illustration (shown here) were based; (See ETYFish).

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ekologi

marina; brackvatten bottenlevande; havsvandrande (Ref. 51243); djupintervall 0 - 227 m (Ref. 26346). Subtropical; 33°S - 50°S

Utbredning Länder | FAO områden | Ekosystem | Förekomster | Point map | Utplanteringar | Faunafri

Southwest Pacific: southern Australia and New Zealand.

Length at first maturity / Size / Vikt / Age

Maturity: L_m 71.0, range 70 - ? cm
Max length : 125 cm TL hane/ej könsbestämd; (Ref. 26346); common length : 75.0 cm TL hane/ej könsbestämd; (Ref. 9258)

Occurs on continental shelves to depths of at least 200 m (Ref. 6871). Migrates into large estuaries and inshore bays in the spring to breed (Ref. 6871). Feeds mainly on shellfish (Ref. 26346). Oviparous (Ref. 50449). Eggs are encased in horny shells (Ref. 205). Flesh is of good eating quality. Males have a small, club-like protuberance on the head and also long copulation organs near the pelvic fins (Ref. 557).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | Reproduktion | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larver

Migrates into large estuaries and inshore bays in the spring to breed (Ref. 6871). Oviparous, two egg cases (Ref. 26346) are laid on sandy or muddy bottoms and take up to 8 months to hatch (Ref. 6871). Embryos feed solely on yolk (Ref. 50449).Young hatch at about 15 cm (Ref. 26346).

Main reference Upload your references | referenser | Koordinator | Medarbetare

Last, P.R. and J.D. Stevens, 1994. Sharks and rays of Australia. CSIRO, Australia. 513 p. (Ref. 6871)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)

Least Concern (LC) ; Date assessed: 17 April 2015

CITES (Ref. 128078)

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

Harmless

Human uses

Fiskeri: kommersiell

FAO(fiskeri: produktion; publication : search) | FIRMS (Stock assessments) | FishSource | Sea Around Us

Ytterligare information

Trophic ecology
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Ecology
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Summary page | Point data | Populärnamn | Photos

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Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 115969): 12.1 - 18.2, mean 15.2 (based on 179 cells).

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804): PD₅₀ = 0.7500 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00490 (0.00203 - 0.01181), b=3.13 (2.91 - 3.35), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref. 93245).

Trofisk nivå (Ref. 69278): 3.6 ±0.29 se; based on food items.

Resiliens (Ref. 120179): Låg, lägsta populationsfördubblingstid 4,5-14 år (K=0.06-0.47; tm=2-6; Fec=2).

Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): High vulnerability (55 of 100).

Climate Vulnerability (Ref. 125649): Very high vulnerability (83 of 100).

Price category (Ref. 80766): High.

Callorhinchus milii BorydeSaint-Vincent, 1823