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Scorpaena cardinalis Solander & Richardson, 1842

Eastern red scorpionfish
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Native range | All suitable habitat | Point map | Year 2050
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Scorpaena cardinalis   AquaMaps   Data sources: GBIF OBIS
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Image of Scorpaena cardinalis (Eastern red scorpionfish)
Scorpaena cardinalis
Picture by Randall, J.E.


Kermadec Islands country information

Common names: [No common name]
Occurrence: native
Salinity: marine
Abundance: abundant (always seen in some numbers) | Ref: Francis, M.P., R.V. Grace and C.D. Paulin, 1987
Importance: | Ref:
Aquaculture: | Ref:
Regulations: | Ref:
Uses: no uses
Comments: Found in L'Esperance Rock, Denham Bay, Meyer Island, Boat Cove, Stella Passage, Curtis Island (Ref. 89012), Macauley and SE/NE of Raoul Island (Ref. 28787). Also Ref. 45524, 75154, 89275, 89926, 8879.
National Checklist:
Country Information:
National Fisheries Authority:
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: Duffy, C.A.J. and S.T. Ahyong, 2015
National Database:

Common names from other countries

Classification / Names Tên thường gặp | Các synonym ( Các tên trùng) | Catalog of Fishes(Giống, Các loài) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

> Perciformes/Scorpaenoidei (Scorpionfishes) > Scorpaenidae (Scorpionfishes or rockfishes) > Scorpaeninae
Etymology: Scorpaena: Latin, scorpaena = a kind of fish, 1706 (Ref. 45335).
  More on authors: Solander & Richardson.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Sinh thái học

Biển Cùng sống ở rạn san hô; Mức độ sâu 0 - 154 m (Ref. 93606).   Temperate

Sự phân bố Các nước | Các khu vực của FAO | Các hệ sinh thái | Những lần xuất hiện | Point map | Những chỉ dẫn | Faunafri

Southwest Pacific: northern New Zealand and offshore islands of the Tasman Sea (Norfolk and Lord Howe Islands, Middleton and Elizabeth Reefs, New South Wales, Australia; not recorded from the coastal waters of Australian mainland).

Bộ gần gũi / Khối lượng (Trọng lượng) / Age

Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 40.5 cm TL con đực/không giới tính; (Ref. 93630); Tuổi cực đại được báo cáo: 33 các năm (Ref. 93630)

Short description Khóa để định loại | Hình thái học | Sinh trắc học

Các vây lưng mềm (tổng cộng) : 8 - 9. This species is distinguished by the following set of characters: D 9 (8 rays in one specimen), with the 4th (rarely third) dorsal-fin spine longest; pectoral-fin rays 16-18 (mode 17); scale rows in longitudinal series 60-74 (68); pored lateral-line scales 23-25 (24); scales above lateral line 6-9 (8), below 21-26 (22); scale rows between 6th dorsal-fin spine base and lateral line 8 or 9 (9); scale rows between last dorsal-fin spine base and lateral line 8-11 (10); pre-dorsal scale rows 4-8 (6); gill rakers on upper limb 4-6 (5), lower limb 9-13 (12) [8-10 (9) and 1-4 (3) rakers on ceratohyal and hypobranchial, respectively], total rakers 14-18 (17); exposed cycloid scales covering pectoral-fin base and anteroventral surface of body (some scales covered by thin skin, especially in large adults); no longitudinal ridge on lateral surface of maxilla; lateral lacrimal spine with 2 spinous points; anterior lacrimal spine with 1-3 small spinous points on its posterior margin; posterior lacrima spine with 1-3 spinous points, directed posteroventraly throughout life; median interorbital ridge present; no coonal spines; occipital pit and supplement preopercular spine present; pterotic spine simple, smooth distally throughout life; space between upper and lower opercular spines covered by thin skin without sensory pores or canals; a few skin flaps or tentacles on anterodorsal surface of body; without a large black blotch on spinous portion of dorsal fin in both sexes; 2 large white blotches, their diameters subequal to pupil diameter, on caudal-fin base (Ref. 93606).

Sinh học     Tự điển (thí dụ epibenthic)

Inhabits rocks, crevices and caverns at all depths. Occasionally found in large rock pools in the lower littoral zone. Is nocturnally active and feeds mainly on small mobile benthic animals. Stalks its prey and swallows it whole (Ref. 26966).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | Sự tái sinh sản | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Ấu trùng

Main reference Upload your references | Các tài liệu tham khảo | Người điều phối | Người cộng tác

Motomura, H., C.D. Struthers, M.A. McGrouther and A.L. Stewart, 2011. Validity of Scorpaena jacksoniensis and a redescription of S. cardinalis, a senior synonym of S. cookii (Scorpaeniformes: Scorpaenidae). Ichthyol. Res. 58 (4):315-332. (Ref. 93606)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)

  Least Concern (LC) ; Date assessed: 04 March 2015

CITES (Ref. 128078)

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

  Harmless




Human uses

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Thêm thông tin

Trophic ecology
Các loại thức ăn
Diet compositions
Food consumptions
Food rations
Các động vật ăn mồi
Ecology
Sinh thái học
Home ranges
Population dynamics
Growths
Max. ages / sizes
Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
Length-frequencies
Mass conversions
Recruitments
Abundances
Life cycle
Sự tái sinh sản
Maturities
Fecundities
Spawnings
Spawning aggregations
Egg(s)
Egg developments
Ấu trùng
Sự biến động ấu trùng
Anatomy
Gill areas
Não bộ
Otoliths
Physiology
Body compositions
Nutrients
Oxygen consumptions
Dạng bơi
Swimming speeds
Visual pigment(s)
Âm thanh của cá
Diseases / Parasites
Toxicities (LC50s)
Genetics
Di truyền
Electrophoreses
Heritabilities
Human related
Aquaculture systems
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Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 115969): 16 - 22.6, mean 17.6 (based on 56 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804):  PD50 = 0.5000   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01778 (0.00696 - 0.04547), b=3.03 (2.81 - 3.25), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref. 93245).
Mức dinh dưỡng (Ref. 69278):  3.5   ±0.5 se; based on diet studies.
Thích nghi nhanh (Ref. 120179):  Trung bình, thời gian nhân đôi của chủng quần tối thiểu là 1.4 - 4.4 năm (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153):  Low to moderate vulnerability (31 of 100).