Panama country information

Common names: Arenca, Arenque, Arenque de hebra
Occurrence: native
Salinity: marine
Abundance: | Ref:
Importance: highly commercial | Ref: Garcés, H., 2020
Aquaculture: | Ref:
Regulations: | Ref:
Uses: no uses
Comments:
National Checklist:
Country Information: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/pm.html
National Fisheries Authority:
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: Whitehead, P.J.P., 1985
National Database:

Common names from other countries

Chardin du Pacifique, Machuelo hebra pinchagua, Deep-bodied Pacific thread herring, ... more

Classification / Names Nombres comunes | Sinónimos | Catalog of Fishes(Género, Especie) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

> Clupeiformes (Herrings) > Dorosomatidae (Gizzard shads and sardinellas)
Etymology: Opisthonema: Greek, opisthe = behind + Greek,nema = filament (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Günther.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecología

marino; rango de profundidad ? - 70 m (Ref. 96339), usually ? - 50 m (Ref. 11035). Tropical; 28°N - 3°S, 112°W - 78°W (Ref. 54686)

Distribución Países | Áreas FAO | Ecosistemas | Ocurrencias, apariciones | Point map | Introducciones | Faunafri

Eastern Pacific: Santa Rosalita, Pacific coast of Baja, California, Mexico southward to Punta Sal and Punta Picos, Peru. (Earlier works probably combined data for Opisthonema bulleri and Opisthonema medirastre). Range is extended northwards to San Pedro, California (Ref. 35601). Rare on outer coast of Baja California Sur (Ref. 35601).

Tamaño / Peso / Age

Maturity: L_m ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 30.0 cm TL macho / no sexado; (Ref. 55763); common length : 22.0 cm SL macho / no sexado; (Ref. 9291); peso máximo publicado: 261.36 g (Ref. 124487)

Short description Claves de identificación | Morfología | Morfometría

Espinas dorsales (total) : 0; Radios blandos dorsales (total) : 13 - 21; Espinas anales: 0; Radios blandos anales: 12 - 23. The filamentous last dorsal fin ray distinguishes it from members of any other eastern Pacific clupeoid genus. Separated from eastern Pacific Opisthonema species by having 63 to 110 lower gill rakers in fishes over 14 cm standard length.

Usually occur near the surface of coastal and offshore waters, down to over bottom of continental shelf (Ref. 11035). Form dense schools. Apparently the most abundant of the eastern Pacific species of Opisthonema. Feed on phytoplankton (dinoflagellates and diatoms). Oviparous, with planktonic eggs and larvae (Ref. 35601). It is reduced to fish meal (Ref. 9291). Oil may be extracted (Ref. 9291). May be canned (Ref. 9291).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | Reproducción | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larva

Oviparous (Ref. 35601).

Main reference Upload your references | Referencias | Coordinador | Colaboradores

Whitehead, P.J.P., 1985. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (suborder Clupeoidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies and wolf-herrings. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(7/1):1-303. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 188)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)

Least Concern (LC) ; Date assessed: 24 May 2007

CITES (Ref. 128078)

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

Harmless

Human uses

Pesquerías: muy comercial; carnada: occasionally

FAO(pesquerías: producción, species profile; publication : search) | FishSource | Sea Around Us

Más información

Trophic ecology
componentes alimenticios
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Check for Aquarium maintenance | Check for Species Fact Sheets | Check for Aquaculture Fact Sheets

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Summary page | Datos específicos | Nombres comunes | Photos

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Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 115969): 21.4 - 29, mean 27 (based on 86 cells).

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804): PD₅₀ = 0.5312 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00832 (0.00504 - 0.01373), b=3.02 (2.88 - 3.16), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref. 93245).

Nivel trófico (Ref. 69278): 2.9 ±0.28 se; based on food items.

Resiliencia (Ref. 120179): Alto, población duplicada en un tiempo mínimo inferior a 15 meses (K=0.22-0.5).

Prior r = 0.43, 95% CL = 0.28 - 0.64, Based on 2 full stock assessments.

Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): Low vulnerability (25 of 100).

Climate Vulnerability (Ref. 125649): Moderate vulnerability (37 of 100).

Price category (Ref. 80766): Medium.

Opisthonema libertate (Günther, 1867)