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Macropodus opercularis (Linnaeus, 1758)

Paradisefish
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Viet Nam country information

Common names: [No common name]
Occurrence: native
Salinity: freshwater
Abundance: | Ref:
Importance: | Ref:
Aquaculture: | Ref:
Regulations: | Ref:
Uses: no uses
Comments: Found in most coastal basins from Vinh to Thuy Hoa, except from the basins of the rivers Huong and Quang tri, which enter the sea at the city of Hue and Dong Ha, respectively. Also recorded in headwaters of the Dong Nai River, which enter the sea at Saigon, in headwaters of the Sesan River, a tributary of the Sekong River, itself a tributary of the Mekong River. Apparently, the distribution in rivers Ba, Dong Nai, and Sesan is partly the result of introductions; recorded only in mountainous regions (Ref. 42924). Present in Da River (Ref. 90167, 89724). Also Ref. 1739, 43281.
National Checklist:
Country Information: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/vm.html
National Fisheries Authority:
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: Freyhof, J. and F. Herder, 2002
National Database:

Common names from other countries

Classification / Names Nombres comunes | Sinónimos | Catalog of Fishes(Género, Especie) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

> Anabantiformes (Gouramies, snakeheads) > Osphronemidae (Gouramies) > Macropodusinae
Etymology: Macropodus: Greek, makros = great + Greek, pous, podos = foot (Ref. 45335).
  More on author: Linnaeus.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecología

; agua dulce; salobre pelágico; pH range: 6.0 - 8.0; dH range: 5 - 19.   Tropical; 16°C - 26°C (Ref. 1672); 30°N - 20°N, 102°E - 122°E

Distribución Países | Áreas FAO | Ecosistemas | Ocurrencias, apariciones | Point map | Introducciones | Faunafri

Asia: China, from Yangtze basin to the south, on Hainan Island, in Taiwan, north Viet Nam; introduced to the tropical and subtropical world (Ref. 42924). Very popular with aquarists and has been widely transported around the world.

Tamaño / Peso / Age

Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 6.7 cm SL macho / no sexado; (Ref. 43281); common length : 5.5 cm TL macho / no sexado; (Ref. 12193)

Short description Claves de identificación | Morfología | Morfometría

Espinas dorsales (total) : 11 - 17; Radios blandos dorsales (total) : 5 - 10; Espinas anales: 7 - 22; Radios blandos anales: 9 - 15; Vértebra: 27 - 29. Caudal fin forked, both lobes elongate in males (Ref. 559), with filamentous extension in each lobe (Ref. 43281); lower margin of preorbital sharply serrated (Ref. 559); conspicuous dark brown opercular spot with whitish posterior margin (margin red in life); body with 7-11 bold, dark bars on pale yellowish background in preserved specimens (blue bars on reddish background in life); dark stripe crossing eye connecting opercular spot with eye; top of head and predorsal body with dark spots; posterior tip or margin of scales on body not darker than scales (Ref. 42924).

Biología     Glosario (por ej. epibenthic)

Obligate air-breathing (Ref. 126274); Adults inhabit any kind of lowland habitats from heterogeneous structured margins or backwaters of large rivers to small streams and irrigation channels on farmland (Ref. 42924). Can colonize stagnant water bodies with very low oxygen content (air breather). Found in streams, paddy fields and ditches (Ref. 5258). Feed on small aquatic animals including small fish. First ornamental fish to be brought to Europe (France 1869, Germany 1876) after the goldfish (Ref. 13371). Males will fight each other (Ref. 1672). Aquarium keeping: minimum aquarium size 80 cm (Ref. 51539).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | Reproducción | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larva

The species is a bubble-nest builder; the male swims to the surface, draws a little air into his mouth and envelops it in a film of saliva thereby forming bubbles; upon building the nest, the male drives the female towards it; female spawns then male follows; male picks up the fertilized eggs in his mouth and pushes one by one into each bubble of the nest; male guards eggs until hatching (Ref. 5258). Produces up to 500 eggs (Ref. 1672).

Main reference Upload your references | Referencias | Coordinador | Colaboradores

Freyhof, J. and F. Herder, 2002. Review of the paradise fishes of the genus Macropodus in Vietnam, with description of two species from Vietnam and southern China (Perciformes: Osphronemidae). Ichthyol. Explor. Freshwat. 13(2):147-167. (Ref. 42924)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)

  Least Concern (LC) ; Date assessed: 02 September 2010

CITES (Ref. 128078)

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

  Harmless




Human uses

Pesquerías: sin interés; Acuario: Comercial
FAO(Publication : search) | FishSource |

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Trophic ecology
componentes alimenticios
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Despredadores
Ecology
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Length-weight rel.
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Egg(s)
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Dinámica larvaria
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Estimates based on models

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804):  PD50 = 0.5020   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01479 (0.00712 - 0.03073), b=2.98 (2.78 - 3.18), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref. 93245).
Nivel trófico (Ref. 69278):  3.8   ±0.55 se; based on food items.
Resiliencia (Ref. 120179):  Alto, población duplicada en un tiempo mínimo inferior a 15 meses (tm<1; Fec=100-500 times 6-12 spawning events).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153):  Low vulnerability (10 of 100).