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Scophthalmus maeoticus (Pallas, 1814)

Black Sea turbot
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Scophthalmus maeoticus   AquaMaps   Data sources: GBIF OBIS
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Turkey country information

Common names: Black Sea brill, Kalkan
Occurrence: native
Salinity: freshwater
Abundance: | Ref:
Importance: | Ref:
Aquaculture: | Ref:
Regulations: | Ref:
Uses: no uses
Comments: Known from the Black Sea, European Black Sea watersheds and Anatolian Black Sea watersheds (Ref. 58342). Collected at 24-52 m from the SW Black Sea shelf (Ref. 115544). Also Ref. 106151. Threatened due to commercial and bycatch fishing, habitat loss and eutrophication/pollution. Proposed for Annexes II and V of the EU Habitats Directive (Ref. 58342). Also Ref. 4703. Status of threat: Endangered (Ref. 58342). EurTurk
National Checklist:
Country Information: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/tu.html
National Fisheries Authority:
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: Fricke, R., M. Bilecenoglu and H.M. Sari, 2007
National Database: CLOMFOT

Common names from other countries

Black Sea brill, Καλκάνι Eυξείνου, Калкан чорноморський, ... more

分类 / Names 俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

Teleostei > Pleuronectiformes (Flatfishes) > Scophthalmidae (Turbots)
Etymology: Scophthalmus: Greek, skopelos = a lantern fish + Greek, ophthalmos = eyes (Ref. 45335).
  More on author: Pallas.

Issue
Considered as a synonym of Scophthalmus maximus (Linnaeus, 1758) by Bailly & Chanet (2010: Ref. 85869). Specific epithet spelled maeotica in Eschmeyer (Eschmeyer (CofF ver. Sep. 2011: Ref. 88002): Ref. 88002).

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range 生态学

海洋 居于水底的; 深度上下限 10 - 150 m.   溫帶; 47°N - 41°N, 27°E - 42°E

分布 国家 | FAO区域 | 生态系 | 标本纪录 | Point map | 简介 | Faunafri

Europe: Black Sea.
歐洲: 黑海。

大小 / 重量 / 年龄

Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 45.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. )

简单描述 检索表 | 型态特徵 | 形态测量图

Bony tubercles generally developed on both sides which are always larger than eye (Ref. 4703).

生物学特性     字汇 (例如 epibenthic)

Max. length (Trevor Meyer, pers. comm., 2001).

最大体长 (特雷弗 Meyer ， pers. comm。,2001)。

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | 繁殖 | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | 仔鱼

歐洲: 黑海。

主要参考文献 Upload your references | 参考文献 | 合作者 | 合作者

Evseenko, S.A., 1996. Ontogeny and relationships of the flatfishes of the Southern Ocean (Achiropsettidae, Pleuronectoidei). J. Ichthyol. 36(9):687-712. (Ref. 37783)

世界自然保护联盟红皮书 (Ref. 130435)

  不评价 

CITES (Ref. 128078)

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

对人类的威胁

  无害处的




人类利用

FAO(Publication : search) | FishSource |

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网络资源

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Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 115969): 7.352 - 11.388, mean 8.58 (based on 37 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804):  PD50 = 0.5645   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01288 (0.00577 - 0.02877), b=3.02 (2.83 - 3.21), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref. 93245).
回复力 (Ref. 120179):  中等的, 族群倍增时间最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153):  Low to moderate vulnerability (35 of 100).