Common names from other countries
分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Elasmobranchii
板鰓亞綱 (鯊魚與魟魚) (sharks and rays) >
Rajiformes (Skates and rays) >
Arhynchobatidae (Softnose skates)
Etymology: Bathyraja: Greek, bathys = deep + Latin, raja, -ae = a ray (Raja sp) (Ref. 45335).
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋 深海區的; 深度上下限 111 - 2949 m (Ref. 117245), usually 165 - 255 m (Ref. 7251). 深水域; 2°C - 8°C (Ref. 117245); 80°N - 42°N, 80°W - 50°E
North Atlantic and adjacent Arctic.
西大西洋: 戴維斯海峽的格陵蘭側邊與加拿大紐芬蘭到喬治亞淺灘外的東岸外海。 東大西洋: 巴倫支海，挪威, 冰島-法羅-雪特蘭高地與格陵蘭東部.(參考文獻 3167)
大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 170 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 3167)
簡短描述
檢索表 | 型態特徵 | 形態測量圖
Disk without spines, except near edge of pectoral fins in males. Ventral mucous pores not blackish. Tail with middorsal row of large spines. Snout pointed (Ref. 7251). Upper surface pale brown or bluish gray without dark markings. Lower surface white with small sooty blotches irregularly distributed around margins of pectorals, pelvic fins white below. Lower surface of tail white but pale brown rearward (Ref. 6902).
在雄性中的除了近的胸鰭邊緣以外,圓盤沒有棘。 不黑色的腹面黏液孔。 尾部有大棘的背面中央列。 吻端尖的.(參考文獻 7251) 上表皮白褐色或藍灰色的沒有深色的斑紋。 下表面白色的有不規則地胸鰭的邊緣的周圍被分佈的小的烏黑斑塊，腹鰭腹面白色的。 尾部的下表面白色但是白褐色後方.(參考文獻 6902)
An inhabitant of deep, cold water (Ref. 7251). Benthic (Ref. 58426). Feed on all kinds of bottom animals (Ref. 3167). Oviparous (Ref. 50449). Distinct pairing with embrace. Young may tend to follow large objects, such as their mother (Ref. 205). Eggs are oblong capsules with stiff pointed horns at the corners deposited in sandy or muddy flats (Ref. 205). Egg capsules are 13.4-16.5 cm long and 8.0-10.2 cm wide (Ref. 41251, 41301). This species is part of the regular by-catch of deep-sea fisheries (Ref. 117245).
一個深又寒冷水的棲居動物.(參考文獻 7251) 底棲的.(參考文獻 58426) 捕食各種的底部動物。 (參考文獻 3167) 卵生的.(參考文獻 50449) 明顯的成對出現。 幼魚可能傾向跟隨大的個體, 例如他們的母親.(參考文獻 205) 卵為長方形鞘囊具有僵硬的觸角沈積在沙灘或泥灘的角落.(參考文獻 205) 卵鞘是 13.4-16.5 公分長與 8.0-10.2 公分寬的.(參考文獻 41251,41301)
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | 繁殖 | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | 仔魚
Oviparous (Ref. 3167). Paired eggs are laid. Embryos feed solely on yolk (Ref. 50449). Distinct pairing with embrace. Young may tend to follow large objects, such as their mother (Ref. 205).西大西洋: 戴維斯海峽的格陵蘭側邊與加拿大紐芬蘭到喬治亞淺灘外的東岸外海。 東大西洋: 巴倫支海，挪威, 冰島-法羅-雪特蘭高地與格陵蘭東部.(參考文獻 3167)
McEachran, J.D. and K.A. Dunn, 1998. Phylogenetic analysis of skates, a morphologically conservative clade of elasmobranchs (Chondrichthyes: Rajidae). Copeia 1998(2):271-290. (Ref. 27314)
IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435)
近危 (NT) (A2bcd); Date assessed: 18 June 2019
CITES (Ref. 128078)
Not Evaluated
人類使用
漁業: 沒有興趣
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
115969): 0.3 - 7.6, mean 2.5 (based on 411 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00513 (0.00253 - 0.01042), b=3.12 (2.95 - 3.29), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 4.4 ±0.6 se; based on diet studies.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 低的, 最小族群倍增時間4.5 - 14 年 (Fec assumed to be <100).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Very high vulnerability (90 of 100).
