Common names from other countries
分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋 底中水層性; 深度上下限 45 - 610 m. 熱帶; 44°N - 34°S, 98°W - 34°W
Western Atlantic: Canada (Ref. 5951) to North Carolina and northern Gulf of Mexico to Brazil.
西大西洋: 加拿大 (參考文獻 5951) 到北卡羅萊那州與墨西哥灣北部到巴西北部。
大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 25.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 7251)
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | 繁殖 | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | 仔魚
Pelagic spawner. Also Ref. 103751.西大西洋: 加拿大 (參考文獻 5951) 到北卡羅萊那州與墨西哥灣北部到巴西北部。
Robins, C.R. and G.C. Ray, 1986. A field guide to Atlantic coast fishes of North America. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, U.S.A. 354 p. (Ref. 7251)
CITES (Ref. 128078)
Not Evaluated
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
115969): 11.9 - 22.7, mean 17.7 (based on 150 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.7500 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 3.3 ±0.45 se; based on food items.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增時間最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (15 of 100).