Main Ref. | Rainboth, W.J., 1996 |
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Remarks | Catadromous; lives in inland waters such as river mouths, marshes, rivers, streams, lakes and ponds. Inhabits deep rocky pools (Ref. 7248). It hides in holes and stone crevices in daylight. Found in lowland rivers as well as upland tributaries (Ref. 2847). While in rivers, the sex gland of the fish does not develop and in winter it follows streams to river mouths where the sex gland begins to develop and afterwards it goes to deep sea to breed (Ref. 45563). Active at night, feeding on a wide range of prey (Ref. 7248). Feeds on fishes, shrimps, crabs and carcass of large animals fallen into the water (Refs. 7248, 45563) and frogs (Ref. 7248). |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
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Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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Substrate | : rocky; |
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Substrate Ref. | Skelton, P.H., 1993 |
Special habitats | |
Special habitats Ref. |
Ref. | |
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Associations | |
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Association remarks | |
Parasitism |
Feeding type | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
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Feeding type Ref. | Wang, S. (ed.), 1998 |
Feeding habit | hunting macrofauna (predator) |
Feeding habit Ref. | Wang, S. (ed.), 1998 |
Estimation method | Original sample | Unfished population | Remark | ||
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Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
From diet composition | |||||
From individual food items | 3.79 | 0.67 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
Ref. |