Ecology Summary - Cyprinus carpio

Língua:

Ref. principal	Alikunhi, K.H., 1966
Notas	Inhabit lakes, ponds or slow moving waters, preferably with a muddy bottom; riverine conditions do not appear to suit the carp. Though they occur naturally in open river systems they are never known to dominate the environment. Larger fish generally frequent deeper waters. Common carp are acclimated to a variety of habitats and extremes of environment, eg high salinities and low oxygen concentrations (Ref. 6390). They have been observed to gulp air at the surface of oxygen-depleted waters (Ref. 30478). During winter carp go into deeper water which will be comparatively warmer than water in shallow areas. They are now established in the wild in Zimbabwe (Ref. 4967). Common carps are active swimmers that can leap obstacles up to 1 meter high and negotiate torrential flows (Ref. 2906). Feed on detritus, plants and benthic organisms (Ref. 6258, 10294). They feed by 'roiling', ie straining material from the mud (Ref. 6390). They will also take aquatic plants and insects from the surface (Ref. 2906). Also Ref. 9666.

Ref. principal

Alikunhi, K.H., 1966

Notas

Inhabit lakes, ponds or slow moving waters, preferably with a muddy bottom; riverine conditions do not appear to suit the carp. Though they occur naturally in open river systems they are never known to dominate the environment. Larger fish generally frequent deeper waters. Common carp are acclimated to a variety of habitats and extremes of environment, eg high salinities and low oxygen concentrations (Ref. 6390). They have been observed to gulp air at the surface of oxygen-depleted waters (Ref. 30478). During winter carp go into deeper water which will be comparatively warmer than water in shallow areas. They are now established in the wild in Zimbabwe (Ref. 4967). Common carps are active swimmers that can leap obstacles up to 1 meter high and negotiate torrential flows (Ref. 2906). Feed on detritus, plants and benthic organisms (Ref. 6258, 10294). They feed by 'roiling', ie straining material from the mud (Ref. 6390). They will also take aquatic plants and insects from the surface (Ref. 2906). Also Ref. 9666.

Aquatic zones / Water bodies

	Marine - Neritic	Marine - Oceanic	Brackishwater	Freshwater
Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies	supra-littoral zone littoral zone sublittoral zone	epipelagic mesopelagic epipelagic abyssopelagic hadopelagic	Estuários/lagunas/áreas estuarinas manguezais pântanos/brejos	rivers/streams lakes/ponds Cavernas exclusivamente

Highighted items on the list are where Cyprinus carpio may be found.

Habitat

Substrato
Substrate Ref.
Habitats especiais
Special habitats Ref.	Halwart, M. and M.V. Gupta, 2004

Associações

Ref.
Associações
Associada com
Comentários sobre associação
Parasitismo

Alimentação

Tipo de alimentação	plants/detritus+animals (troph. 2.2-2.79)
Feeding type Ref.	Maitland, P.S. and R.N. Campbell, 1992
Hábito alimentar	hunting macrofauna (predator)
Feeding habit Ref.	Maitland, P.S. and R.N. Campbell, 1992

Trophic Level(s)

Estimation method	Amostra original		População virgem (não pescada)		Nota
Estimation method	Troph	s.e.	Troph	s.e.	Nota
Da composição da dieta	3.06		2.95	0.40	Troph of adults from 1 study.
Dos itens alimentares individuais	3.05	0.39			Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine.
Ref.	Specziár, A., L. Tölg and P. Biró, 1997

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Aquatic zones / Water bodies

Habitat

Associações

Alimentação