| Main Ref. | Bell, J.D. and M.L. Harmelin-Vivien, 1983 |
|---|---|
| Remarks | Inshore, benthic species (Ref. 122951). Generally lives in muddy bottoms at depths of 10-90 m (Ref. 104892). Usually dredged on soft bottom -- mud, muddy sand, or sand (Ref. 122951). Also found in a coastal lagoon (Ref. 122950). Commonly feeds on polychaetes and natantian decapod (Ref. 104982). |
| Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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| Substrate | Benthic: demersal; Soft Bottom: sand; mud; |
|---|---|
| Substrate Ref. | Metin, G., A.T. Ilkyaz, O. Soykan and H.T. Kinacigil, 2011 |
| Special habitats | Coral Reefs; |
| Special habitats Ref. | Almada, V.C., M. Henriques and E.J. Gonçalves, 1999 |
| Ref. | |
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| Associations | |
| Associated with | |
| Association remarks | |
| Parasitism |
| Feeding type | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
|---|---|
| Feeding type Ref. | Bell, J.D. and M.L. Harmelin-Vivien, 1983 |
| Feeding habit | browsing on substrate |
| Feeding habit Ref. | Bell, J.D. and M.L. Harmelin-Vivien, 1983 |
| Estimation method | Original sample | Unfished population | Remark | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
| From diet composition | 3.10 | 0.20 | Troph of juv./adults from 1 study. | ||
| From individual food items | 3.22 | 0.37 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
| Ref. | Bell, J.D. and M.L. Harmelin-Vivien, 1983 | ||||