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Ecology of Herklotsichthys quadrimaculatus
 
Main Ref. Whitehead, P.J.P., 1985
Remarks Present in seagrass beds at adult stage (Ref. 41878). Forms large schools in shallow water during the day. Moves into deeper water and further offshore at night. Is a nocturnal zooplanktivore (Ref. 9004). At no time is phytoplankton taken.

Aquatic zones / Water bodies

Marine - Neritic Marine - Oceanic Brackishwater Freshwater
Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies
  • supra-littoral zone
  • littoral zone
  • sublittoral zone
  • epipelagic
  • mesopelagic
  • epipelagic
  • abyssopelagic
  • hadopelagic
  • estuaries/lagoons/brackish seas
  • mangroves
  • marshes/swamps
  • rivers/streams
  • lakes/ponds
  • caves
  • exclusively in caves
Highighted items on the list are where Herklotsichthys quadrimaculatus may be found.

Habitat

Substrate
Substrate Ref.
Special habitats Beds: sea grass; Coral Reefs;
Special habitats Ref. Gell, F.R. and M.W. Whittington, 2002

Associations

Ref.
Associations
Associated with
Association remarks
Parasitism

Feeding

Feeding type mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up)
Feeding type Ref. Whitehead, P.J.P., 1985
Feeding habit hunting macrofauna (predator)
Feeding habit Ref. Milton, D.A., S.J.M. Blaber and N.J.F. Rawlinson, 1994
Trophic Level(s)
Estimation method Original sample Unfished population Remark
Troph s.e. Troph s.e.
From diet composition 3.57 0.35 3.49 0.46 Troph of juv./adults from 1 study.
From individual food items 3.27 0.38 Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine.
Ref. Milton, D.A., S.J.M. Blaber and N.J.F. Rawlinson, 1994
(e.g. 346)
(e.g. oophagy)
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