| Rif. principale. | Tokranov, A.M. and V.V. Maksimenkov, 1994 |
|---|---|
| Osservazioni | Euryhaline, can exist in freshwater lagoons and river mouths, sometimes moving very far upstream. Occurs mainly in the upper sublittoral zone (Ref. 9013). Found inshore, often in very shallow water and in estuaries during the summer; moving into deeper water in the winter (Ref. 27547). However, they may occur in deep water throughout the year (Ref. 27547). Does not venture into water of high salinities (Ref. 28899). Young and adults move up rivers, as much as 120 km (Ref. 27547). Benthic (Ref. 58426). Feeds on crustaceans, worms, small mollusks, brittle stars, and small fishes (Ref. 6885). |
| Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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| Substrato | |
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| Substrato Rif. | |
| Habitat speciali | |
| Habitat speciali Rif. |
| Fonte Biblio. | |
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| Associazioni | |
| Associato a | |
| Osservazioni dell'associazione | |
| Parassitismo |
| Tipo di alimentazione | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
|---|---|
| Tipo di alimentazione Rif. | Tokranov, A.M. and V.V. Maksimenkov, 1994 |
| Abitudini alimentari | hunting macrofauna (predator) |
| Abitudini alimentari Rif. | Tokranov, A.M. and V.V. Maksimenkov, 1994 |
| Estimation method | Campione originale | Popolazione non pescata | Commento | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
| Dalla composizione della dieta | 3.58 | 0.11 | 3.27 | 0.32 | Troph of adults from 3 studies. |
| Da singoli alimenti | 3.50 | 0.50 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
| Fonte Biblio. | Jewett, S.C. and H.M. Feder, 1980 | ||||