Main Ref. | Masuda, H. and G.R. Allen, 1993 |
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Remarks | Lives in schools in coral reefs (Ref. 9137). Present in seagrass beds at all life stages. Inverts and fish feeder (Ref. 41878). Coastal, shallow water species that dwells in coral and rocky reefs. Feeds on invertebrates, crabs, shrimp and marine worms (Ref. 9773). |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
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Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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Substrate | |
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Substrate Ref. | |
Special habitats | Beds: sea grass; Coral Reefs; |
Special habitats Ref. | Gell, F.R. and M.W. Whittington, 2002 |
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Associations | |
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Association remarks | |
Parasitism |
Feeding type | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
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Feeding type Ref. | Masuda, H. and G.R. Allen, 1993 |
Feeding habit | hunting macrofauna (predator) |
Feeding habit Ref. | Masuda, H. and G.R. Allen, 1993 |
Estimation method | Original sample | Unfished population | Remark | ||
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Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
From diet composition | |||||
From individual food items | 3.79 | 0.50 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
Ref. |