Ecology Summary - Polydactylus virginicus
生态学： Polydactylus virginicus
 
主要参考文献 Austin, H. and S. Austin, 1971
附注 Found on sandy and muddy bottoms of coastal waters, estuaries and mangroves, and occasionally in the surf (Ref. 57343). Young aggregate near river mouths (Ref. 57343). Common around islands (Ref. 9710). Nocturnal feeder, taking crustaceans, chaetognaths, plant material and polychaetes (Ref. 57343).

Aquatic zones / Water bodies

Marine - Neritic Marine - Oceanic Brackishwater Freshwater
Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies
  • supra-littoral zone
  • littoral zone
  • sublittoral zone
  • epipelagic
  • mesopelagic
  • epipelagic
  • abyssopelagic
  • hadopelagic
  • 河口/泻湖/半咸淡水海洋
  • mangroves
  • marshes/swamps
  • rivers/streams
  • lakes/ponds
  • 洞
  • 专门地
Highighted items on the list are where Polydactylus virginicus may be found.

Habitat

Substrate Soft Bottom: sand; silt;
Substrate Ref. Martin, F.D. and J.W. Patus, 1984
Special habitats
Special habitats Ref.

Associations

参考文献
Associations
Associated with
Association remarks
Parasitism

进食

摄取食物的类型 mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up)
Feeding type Ref. Austin, H. and S. Austin, 1971
摄取食物的习惯 hunting macrofauna (predator)
Feeding habit Ref. Gómez-Canchong, P., L. Manjarrés M., L.O. Duarte and J. Altamar, 2004
Trophic Level(s)
Estimation method 最初的样本 不捕获族群 附注
Troph s.e. Troph s.e.
从食物内容 3.71 0.39 3.45 0.48 Troph of juv./adults from 1 study.
从个别的食物项目 3.01 0.35 Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine.
参考文献 Gómez-Canchong, P., L. Manjarrés M., L.O. Duarte and J. Altamar, 2004
(例如 346)
(例如 oophagy)
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