| 主な参照 | Cervigón, F., R. Cipriani, W. Fischer, L. Garibaldi, M. Hendrickx, A.J. Lemus, R. Márquez, J.M. Poutiers, G. Robaina and B. Rodriguez, 1992 |
|---|---|
| 意見 | Found on soft bottoms (Ref. 5217). Feeds mainly on small demersal fishes such as Bregmaceros atlanticus and benthic decapod crustaceans (Ref. 54164). |
| Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
|
|
|
|
| Substrate | Soft Bottom |
|---|---|
| Substrate Ref. | |
| Special habitats | |
| Special habitats Ref. |
| 参照 | |
|---|---|
| Associations | |
| Associated with | |
| Association remarks | |
| Parasitism |
| 供給様式 | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
|---|---|
| Feeding type Ref. | Sierra, L.M., R. Claro and O.A. Popova, 1994 |
| 食性 | hunting macrofauna (predator) |
| Feeding habit Ref. | Haimovici, M., A.S. Martins, J.L. Figueiredo and P.C. Vieira, 1994 |
| Estimation method | 原本のサンプル | Unfished population | 意見 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
| 餌料組成から | 4.01 | 0.20 | 3.74 | 0.47 | Troph of juv./adults from 4 studies. |
| 個々の食物品目から | 3.95 | 0.66 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
| 参照 | Muto, E.Y., M.H.C. da Silva, G.R. Vera, S.S.M. Leite, D.G. Navarro and C.L.D.B. Rossi-Wongtschowski, 2005 | ||||