| Ref. principal | Thollot, P., 1996 |
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| Notas | Inhabits rocky reefs and coral reefs (Refs. 9137, 9710, 58534, 58652, 127989); silty reefs or wrecks in lagoons, bays, or harbors (Ref. 27370), may occur in aggregations; also found hidden in caves and cracks of rocks during the day (Refs. 12382, 48635, 127989). Usually in areas subject to strong currents (Ref. 48635). Intertidal observations were also reported (Ref. 49162). Feeds mainly on benthic crabs and shrimps (Ref. 2334), also preys on small fishes (Ref. 12382). Spine of preopercle venomous (Ref. 2334). Nocturnal. Feeds mainly on decapods in addition to polychaetes, isopods, mollusks and fish (Also Refs. 127989, 9773). Dwells in shallow, protected reef areas (Ref. 9773). |
| Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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| Substrato | Benthic; Soft Bottom: sand; silt; Hard Bottom: rocky; |
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| Substrate Ref. | Shao, K.-T. and L.-S. Chen, 1992 |
| Habitats especiais | Beds: sea grass; Coral Reefs: lagoons; |
| Special habitats Ref. | Gell, F.R. and M.W. Whittington, 2002 |
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| Parasitismo |
| Tipo de alimentação | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
|---|---|
| Feeding type Ref. | Thollot, P., 1996 |
| Hábito alimentar | hunting macrofauna (predator) |
| Feeding habit Ref. | Thollot, P., 1996 |
| Estimation method | Amostra original | População virgem (não pescada) | Nota | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
| Da composição da dieta | 3.58 | 0.31 | Troph of juv./adults from 2 studies. | ||
| Dos itens alimentares individuais | 3.78 | 0.51 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
| Ref. | Golani, D., A. Ben-Tuvia and B. Galil, 1983 | ||||