| Main Ref. | Collette, B.B. and C.E. Nauen, 1983 |
|---|---|
| Remarks | Does not migrate extensively, although some seasonal movement appears to occur off Trinidad. Feeds largely on fishes, with smaller quantities of penaeid shrimps and loliginid cephalopods. |
| Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
|
|
|
|
| Substrate | |
|---|---|
| Substrate Ref. | |
| Special habitats | |
| Special habitats Ref. |
| Ref. | |
|---|---|
| Associations | |
| Associated with | |
| Association remarks | |
| Parasitism |
| Feeding type | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
|---|---|
| Feeding type Ref. | Collette, B.B. and C.E. Nauen, 1983 |
| Feeding habit | hunting macrofauna (predator) |
| Feeding habit Ref. | Collette, B.B. and C.E. Nauen, 1983 |
| Estimation method | Original sample | Unfished population | Remark | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
| From diet composition | 3.31 | 0.42 | 3.30 | 0.43 | Troph of juv./adults from 1 study. |
| From individual food items | 4.37 | 0.76 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
| Ref. | Gómez-Canchong, P., L. Manjarrés M., L.O. Duarte and J. Altamar, 2004 | ||||