| 主要參考文獻 | Labropoulou, M. and A. Eleftheriou, 1997 |
|---|---|
| 附註 | Occurs along coasts. Abundant in the continental shelf (Ref. 93159). Found over seagrass, sand, mud and rocks (Refs. 2739, 93159) to depths of 100 m (Ref. 93159). Also found in coral reefs (Ref. 122784) and in a lagoon (Ref. 122783). Carnivorous, decapods dominate the diet (Ref. 12382). |
| Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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| Substrate | Benthic: demersal; Soft Bottom: sand; mud; Hard Bottom: rocky; |
|---|---|
| Substrate Ref. | Smith, C.L., 1981 |
| Special habitats | Beds: algae/seaweed; sea grass; Coral Reefs; |
| Special habitats Ref. |
| 參考文獻 | |
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| Associations | |
| Associated with | |
| Association remarks | |
| Parasitism |
| 攝取食物的類型 | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
|---|---|
| Feeding type Ref. | Labropoulou, M. and A. Eleftheriou, 1997 |
| 攝取食物的習慣 | hunting macrofauna (predator) |
| Feeding habit Ref. |
| Estimation method | 最初的樣本 | 不捕獲族群 | 附註 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
| 從食物內容 | 3.47 | 0.42 | Troph of juv./adults from 1 study. | ||
| 從個別的食物項目 | 3.74 | 0.62 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
| 參考文獻 | Bell, J.D. and M.L. Harmelin-Vivien, 1983 | ||||