Hoplomyzon cardosoi Carvalho, Reis & Friel, 2017

Family:  Aspredinidae (Banjo catfishes), subfamily: Hoplomyzontinae
Max. size:  1.85 cm SL (male/unsexed)
Environment:  demersal; freshwater
Distribution:  South America: Venezuela.
Diagnosis:  This species is distinguished from its congeners by the following set of characters: straight anterior margin of the mesethmoid (vs. medial notch); smooth and straight ventral surface of the premaxilla (vs. having bony knobs on the ventral surface of premaxilla); absence of teeth on the dentary (vs. presence of teeth on dentary); vertebrae anterior to anal-fin pterygiophore with single ventral processes (vs. paired process); having elongated mental filaments, barbel-like structures on the ventral surface of the adult head and cleithrum (vs. small papillous structures in the ventral surface of the adult head); and 8 anal-fin rays (vs. 6 or 7) (Ref. 128006).
Biology:  Found in medium-sized stream, mostly slow flowing white waters running over sand mixed with riffles of fast flowing waters over pebbles (Ref. 128006).
IUCN Red List Status: Endangered (EN); Date assessed: 27 November 2020 (B1ab(iii)+2ab(iii)) Ref. (130435)
Threat to humans:  harmless


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