Elacatinus figaro Sazima, Moura & Rosa, 1997
Barber goby
Barber goby,  Neon goby
Elacatinus figaro
photo by Wirtz, P.

Family:  Gobiidae (Gobies), subfamily: Gobiinae
Max. size:  3.37 cm SL (male/unsexed); 2.53 cm SL (female)
Environment:  reef-associated; marine; depth range 3 - 20 m
Distribution:  Southwest Atlantic: Brazil.
Diagnosis:  Dorsal spines (total): 26-26; Dorsal soft rays (total): 11-11; Anal spines: 2-2; Anal soft rays: 24-24
Biology:  Occurs over coral and rocky bottoms on the mainland coast and at or off coastal islands; solitary or in groups of up to 6 individuals on coral heads, among crustose algae and encrusting sponges, or near sea urchins, seeking protection among the spines. Cleans other fishes, e.g. the blenniid Ophioblennius atlanticus, pomacentrid Abudefduf saxatilis, and the serranid Mytoperca rubra.
IUCN Red List Status: Vulnerable (VU); Date assessed: 06 April 2022 (A2bcd) Ref. (130435)
Threat to humans:  harmless
Country info:  Ranges from Ceará (Ref. 57756) to Porto Belo, Santa Catarina (Ref. 27343). Museum: Pedra do Navio, Ilha Ancieta, Ubatuba, Sao Paulo, MZUSP 50859 (holotype, 3.19 cm SL, male); UFPB 3464. Arquipélago dos Alcatrazes, Sao Sebastiao, Sao Paulo, MZUSP 44611. Parati, Rio de Janeiro, MZUSP 46164. Porto Belo, Santa Catarina, MZUSP 49139. Ilha do Papagaio, Cabo Frio, Rio de Janeiro, MZUSP 50066. Saco do Paia, Ilha da Vitoria, Ubatuba, Sao Paulo, UFPB 3465 (Ref. 27343). Traded as an aquarium fish at Fortaleza, Ceará where it is often misidentified as Gobiosoma evelynae by untrained wholesalers (Ref. 49392).


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