Australoheros guarani Říčan & Kullander, 2008

Family:  Cichlidae (Cichlids), subfamily: Cichlinae
Max. size:  12.91 cm SL (male/unsexed)
Environment:  benthopelagic; freshwater
Distribution:  South America: Río Paraná tributaries, Paraguay.
Diagnosis:  Dorsal spines (total): 15-17; Dorsal soft rays (total): 8-10; Anal spines: 6-7; Anal soft rays: 7-8; Vertebrae: 26-26. This species is distinguished by having the largest scales between the dorsal fin and upper lateral line, only 2 ½ scales (vs. 3 ½); similar to A. facetus, cf. facetus, and minuano in coloration patterns. It is the same with forquilha and tembe, in having a small and inconspicuous midlateral blotch and a straight midlateral stripe (if present), running along the flank in the limits of E0 and E1 scale rows; differs with both in having lower meristics, such as 13 caudal vertebrae (vs. 14 or more), a shorter caudal peduncle, shorter scale cover of the dorsal fin, larger (and fewer) scales and a narrower interorbital space (Ref. 74689).
Biology: 
IUCN Red List Status: Near Threatened (NT); Date assessed: 03 February 2021 (B1a) Ref. (130435)
Threat to humans:  harmless
Country info:  Type locality, Caaguazú, Río Guyrau-gua, Río Paraná drainage, km 197 on road from Asunción to Stroessner, MHNG 2237.58 (holotype of Australoheros guarani, 12.91 cm SL). It is sparsely distributed in the tributaries of the High Río Paraná (Ref. 74689).


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