Pterygoplichthys pardalis (Castelnau, 1855)
Amazon sailfin catfish
Pterygoplichthys pardalis
photo by IBAMA

Family:  Loricariidae (Armored catfishes), subfamily: Hypostominae
Max. size:  57.8 cm TL (male/unsexed); max.weight: 655.3 g
Environment:  demersal; freshwater; pH range: 7 - 7.5; dH range: 10 - 20
Distribution:  South America: Lower, middle and upper Amazon River basin. Introduced to countries outside its native range.
Diagnosis:   
Biology:  Facultative air breather.
IUCN Red List Status: Least Concern (LC); Date assessed: 25 November 2020 Ref. (130435)
Threat to humans:  harmless
Country info:  Known from Loíza River, including the Loíza Reservoir since 1993-2007. Pelicans have been found dead, choked on the spines of these catfishes. They frequently destroy largemouth bass nests with their habits of removing bottom sediments. Their destruction of largemouth bass nests are disrupting these popular sportfish species’populations. They are however popular aquarium fishes. Puerto Ricans are beginning to fish these catfishes for sport (Felix Grana, pers. comm.).


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