International Introductions of   Pterygoplichthys disjunctivus
Introductions as compiled by FAO

المرجع الرئيسي: Nico, L. and P. Fuller 2006
To USA
FAO area America, North - Inland waters
From:Unknown
FAO area  
Year 1991
Range -
Period 1975-1999
Established in the wild established, natural reproduction
Established in aquaculture   - never used unknown
Significant ecological interactions probably some - adverse
Significant socio-economic effects -
Introduced by:  
Reason ornamental
Other reason  
Comments Relatively abundant in several natural streams - Hillsborough River drainage, Florida; Pearl River, Mississippi; Julian reservoir, North Carolina; Long Lake, Washington, etc. May have a significant impact on the aquatic food base negatively affecting native invertebrate and vertebrate species (Nico, personal observations Ref. 56962). Reported to attach to endangered native manatees (Trachechus manatus latirostris) and graze on the epibiota of their skin, adverse impact on manatees uncertain (Ref. 82066).     Ref:  Nico, L. and P. Fuller, 2006


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