| Main Ref. | Riehl, R. and H.A. Baensch, 1991 |
| Mode | dioecism |
| Fertilization | external |
| Mating type | monogamy: |
| Spawning frequency | |
| Spawning aggregation | Ref. |
| Batch spawner | Ref. Ferreira, E.J.G., J.A.S. Zuanon and G.M. dos Santos, 1998 |
| Reproductive guild |
bearers external brooders |
| Parental Care | paternal |
| Description of life cycle and mating behavior | The male carries eggs, larvae and early juveniles (alevinos) in his mouth (Ref. 1672), which lasts for nearly six weeks (Ref. 102836). |
| Search for more references on reproduction | Scirus |
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