| Main Ref: | Charter, S.R. 1996 | |||
| min | max | mod | Ref. | |
| Length at birth (mm) | ||||
| Preanal L. % TL |
| Place of development | planktonic | |||
| Larval area | Ranges from San Pedro, California, southward to Ecuador, including the Gulf of California | |||
| Yolk-sac | Ref: | |||
| Yolk | Oil globules | |||
| Striking feature | ||||
| Striking shape lateral | dorsal | |||
| Striking feature | ||||
| Shape of gut | tube-like | |||
| Gas bladder early | late | |||
| Spinal armature early | late | |||
| Leptocephalus larva; nephros at about myomere 44 (42-46); absence of midlateral pigment; blunt tail; crescentic pigment patch above and below eye; transformation individuals develop a blunt, hook-like snout. Pigmentation: crescentic patch above and below eye; patch over heart; series on ventral margin of gut; pigments on anal, caudal and posterior dorsal fin bases. Sequence of fin development: caudal, dorsal, anal and pectoral. | ||||
| min | max | mod | Ref. | |
| Total number of myomeres | 126 | 137 | 130 | 35590 |
| L 1st feeding | Ref. | Months of presence of larvae | ||||
| max | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | ||
| min | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | ||
| mod | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | ||
| Water parameters Metric characters |