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Larvae Information Summary for  Pomatomus saltatrix
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Main Ref: Bertolini, F., U. D'Ancona, E. Padoa Montalenti, S. Ranzi, L. Sanzo, A. Sparta, E. Tortonese and M. Vialli 1956
Yolk-sac larvae
  max min mod Ref.
Length at birth (mm)     2.15  
Preanal L. % TL     56  
Place of development planktonic
Larval area Gulf of Naples (Mediterranean); Delaware Bay (USA)
Yolk-sac ovoid   unpigmented Ref:  
Yolk   Oil globules one oil globuleposteriordorsalpigmented
Rows on tail dorsal row
Other melanophores on tail tail with single melanophore
Melanophores on head + trunk melanophores on head + trunk
Post larvae
Striking feature none
Striking shape lateral normal (not striking) dorsal normal (not striking)
Striking feature none
Shape of gut triangular
Gas bladder   early   late  
Spinal armature   early no spines late no spines
Pigmentation early
Rows on tail dorsal + ventral + lateral row
Other melanophores on tail tail with single melanophore
Melanophores on head + trunk melanophores on head + trunk
Pigmentation late
Rows on tail dorsal + ventral row
Other melanophores on tail tail partly covered with melanophores
Melanophores on head + trunk melanophores on head + trunk
Urostyle region   early pigmented late pigmented
Peritoneum covered with melanophores
Pectorals normal  
Pelvics normal (i.e. small or absent)  
At 4.3 mm, the caudal, dorsal, and anal fins are slightly differentiated; yolk-sac absent; 3 series of black pigment dashes occur on body - dorsal, median and ventral; pigment on top of head and gut; teeth present and diagnostic. At 7.3 mm, the fin rays are differentiated. At 9 mm, the finrays number of 1st D 8; 2nd D 1/25; A 2+1/26. At 26 mm, spinous dorsal further developed; fine dots on entire body; caudal fin forked.
  L 1st feeding Ref. Months of presence of larvae    Ref. 
max     Jan Feb Mar Apr
min   May Jun Jul Aug
mod     Sep Oct Nov Dec
Water parameters     Metric characters
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