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Larvae Information Summary for  Alectis ciliaris
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Main Ref: Watson, W., S.R. Charter, H.G. Moser, D.A. Ambrose and E.M. Sandknop 1996
Yolk-sac larvae
  max min mod Ref.
Length at birth (mm)        
Preanal L. % TL        
Place of development planktonic
Larval area Northestern Pacific (California Current Region); Northwestern Pacific (Japan)
Yolk-sac       Ref:  
Yolk   Oil globules  
Post larvae
Striking feature some dorsal fin rays very elongated
Striking shape lateral short and/or deep dorsal  
Striking feature some dorsal fin rays very elongated
Shape of gut triangular
Gas bladder   early   late  
Spinal armature   early opercular spines only late  
Melanophores on head + trunk melanophores on head + trunk
Melanophores on head + trunk melanophores on head + trunk
Peritoneum with row of melanophores
Pectorals normal melanophores at fin base
Pelvics normal (i.e. small or absent) with melanophores
Early forming, enlarged, pigmented pelvic fin; early forming, elongate, pigmented first dorsal fin and first anal fin; becoming very deep-bodied in postflexion stage. Pigmentation: Preflexion: Anteriorly on midbrain; over midbrain, usually in V-shaped pattern; at tips of jaws; on ethmoid cartilage; under hindbrain; on angular; present or absent on gular area; series on isthmus; dorsally and dorsolaterally at myomeres 4-5; few dorsally at myomeres 16-17 by 3.9 mm; 1 to few on lateral midline at myomeres 17-19; over notochord at myomeres 16-19 and at myomeres 1-3 by 3.9 mm; dorsally on gas bladder and gut; anteriorly on gut; 1 between pelvic fin bases by 2.9 mm; on pelvic fin. Flexion: Many over entire brain area; increasing on upper jaw; series on articular; few on lower half of preopercle; at bases of dorsal spine III, second dorsal fin ray 4, dorsal fin 16-insertion, gradually filling in between patches beginning anteriorly; few dorsolaterally on trunk; few laterally at myomeres 17-19; spreading along spinal cord and notochord, caudad from trunk and cephalad from midtail; several ventrally on gut; on second dorsal fin and patch between dorsal fin ray 2-3; on anal fin ray 1; proximally on caudal fin; increasing on pelvic fin. Postflexion: Covering most of upper half of head and trunk; series on gular area; few on branchiostegals; saddles form below dorsal spines II-VII, dorsal fin rays 2-5 and 16-17 and patch over hypural area by about 10 mm; covering most of gut, lighter ventrally; on pectoral fin base and upper rays by about 10 mm; increasing on dorsal fin ray 1, anal fin ray 1, pelvic fin and proximally on caudal fin. Transformation: 6 or 7 saddles or bars on trunk and tail. Sequence of fin development: pelvic fin, second dorsal fin and first dorsal fin and anal fin, principal caudal fin rays, pectoral fin, procurrent caudal fin rays.
  L 1st feeding Ref. Months of presence of larvae    Ref. 
max     Jan Feb Mar Apr
min   May Jun Jul Aug
mod     Sep Oct Nov Dec
Water parameters     Metric characters
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