分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Acanthuriformes (Surgeonfishes)
鱸形目 (Surgeonfishes) >
Pomacanthidae (Angelfishes)
刺蓋魚科 (Angelfishes)
Etymology: Pomacanthus: Greek, poma, -atos = cover, operculum + Greek, akantha = thorn (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Linnaeus.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋 礁區魚類; 非遷移的; 深度上下限 2 - 60 m (Ref. 9626). 熱帶; 22°C - 28°C; 44°N - 23°S, 98°W - 34°W
Western Atlantic: New England, USA to the vicinity of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, including the Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean (Ref. 26938).
西大西洋: 巴西里約熱內盧的美國新英格蘭到鄰近區域, 包括墨西哥灣與加勒比海.(參考文獻 26938)
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm 22.6 range ? - ? cm
Max length : 60.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 3797); common length : 45.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 3797); 最大體重: 1.8 kg (Ref. 40637)
背棘 (總數): 9; 背的軟條 (總數): 31-33; 臀棘 3; 臀鰭軟條: 23 - 25. Pale gray around mouth, and pale gray margin on caudal fin. Inside of pectoral fin yellow (Ref. 26938). Juveniles are black with two light yellow bars on body and three on head; caudal fin yellow with a vertically elongate, nearly rectangular or hemispherical black spot in middle (Ref. 13442).
灰白色嘴的周圍, 與在尾鰭上的灰白色邊緣。 在胸鰭黃色之內.(參考文獻 26938) 稚魚是在身體上黑色的有二條淡黃色的橫帶與三在頭部上; 尾鰭在中央中黃色的有一個細長垂直的﹐幾乎矩形或半球形的黑色斑點 (. 參考文獻 13442)
Maximum depth from Ref. 126840. Common in coral reefs, usually solitary, occasionally in pairs. Juveniles are part-time cleaners. Feed mainly on sponges, but also takes tunicates, algae, zoantharians, gorgonians, hydroids, bryozoans, and seagrasses. Oviparous (Ref. 240), monogamous (Ref. 52884). Flesh reported to be of excellent quality (Ref. 3797); marketed fresh and salted (Ref. 5217). Friendly toward divers (Ref. 9710). Have been reared in captivity (Ref. 35419).
常見於珊瑚礁, 通常獨居性的, 偶而成對出現。 稚魚是兼任的清潔工。 主要捕食海綿, 也捕食被囊類，藻類，六枚珊瑚，柳珊瑚，水息蟲，苔蘚蟲類與海草。 卵生的 (參考文獻 240) ，一夫一妻的.(參考文獻 52884) 報告的肉為優良品質;(參考文獻 3797) 在市場上銷售生鮮地了與鹽醃的.(參考文獻 5217) 友善地對於潛水者.(參考文獻 9710) 曾經在繁殖場後面。 (參考文獻 35419)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
Monogamous mating is observed as both facultative and social (Ref. 52884).西大西洋: 巴西里約熱內盧的美國新英格蘭到鄰近區域, 包括墨西哥灣與加勒比海.(參考文獻 26938)
Allen, G.R., 1985. Butterfly and angelfishes of the world. Vol. 2. 3rd edit. in English. Mergus Publishers, Melle, Germany. (Ref. 4858)
人類使用
漁業: 低經濟; 水族館: 商業性
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 23.8 - 28.1, mean 27.3 °C (based on 849 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5001 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.03236 (0.01644 - 0.06368), b=2.90 (2.73 - 3.07), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 3.2 ±0.1 se; based on diet studies.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 非常低的, 最小族群倍增時間超過14 年 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (44 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 31.5 [15.9, 53.1] mg/100g; Iron = 0.459 [0.273, 0.748] mg/100g; Protein = 18.5 [17.3, 19.7] %; Omega3 = 0.085 [0.053, 0.137] g/100g; Selenium = 34.4 [17.3, 66.9] μg/100g; VitaminA = 54.3 [13.7, 197.7] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.1 [0.8, 1.6] mg/100g (wet weight);
