分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria)
鱸形目 (Various families in series Eupercaria) >
Lutjanidae (Snappers)
笛鯛科 (Snappers) > Lutjaninae
Etymology: Lutjanus: Malay, ikan lutjan, name of a fish.
More on authors: Bloch & Schneider.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋; 淡水; 半鹹淡水 礁區魚類; 深度上下限 2 - 40 m (Ref. 58047), usually 5 - 30 m (Ref. 9710). 亞熱帶的; 42°N - 26°S, 98°W - 14°W (Ref. 55232)
Western Atlantic: Massachusetts, USA to São Paulo, Brazil (Ref. 57756), including the Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean Sea (Ref. 9626). Eastern Atlantic: St. Paul's Rocks and Ascension Island (Ref. 13121), Tinhosa Grande, south of Príncipe Island (L.A. Pereira (pers. comm.).
西大西洋: 對聖保羅巴西 (參考文獻 57756) 的美國麻薩諸塞州, 包括墨西哥灣與加勒比海.(參考文獻 9626) 東大西洋: 聖保羅岩礁與阿森松島 (參考文獻 13121), Tinhosa 重大的, 普林西比島島南方 (洛杉磯佩雷拉 (pers. comm.)。
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm 32.4, range 31 - 36 cm
Max length : 128 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 40637); common length : 60.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 26938); 最大體重: 28.6 kg (Ref. 40637); 最大年齡: 33 年 (Ref. 115050)
背棘 (總數): 10; 背的軟條 (總數): 14-15; 臀棘 3; 臀鰭軟條: 8. Preopercular notch and knob weak. One of the pairs of canines in upper jaw notably enlarged, visible even when mouth is closed. Pectoral fins long, reaching level of anus. Scale rows on back rising obliquely above lateral line. Presence of a triangular bar between lower edge of eye and rear of mouth. Back and upper sides olive brown with bronze tinge, sometimes with narrow pale bars; lower sides and belly light reddish with a copper tinge. Young with a horizontal blue line below eye which breaks into a row of spots in adults.
前鰓蓋骨凹槽與癤瘤弱的。 在上頜的對犬齒之一特別地增大了, 看得見的即使當嘴被關閉。 胸鰭長的, 達到肛門高度。 鱗片列背面斜向上升在側線上面。 出現在眼與嘴後面的下緣之間的一條三角形的橫帶。 背面與上側面黃褐色的具有青銅色的淡色, 有時有狹窄的灰白橫帶; 下側與腹面淡的淡紅具有一個銅淡色。 在斷掉變成一列斑點當成魚時的眼之下幼魚有一條水平的藍色線。
Adults are common around rocky or coral reefs. Young are found in estuaries and occasionally enters rivers. Feed mainly on fishes and benthic invertebrates, including shrimps, crabs, gastropods and cephalopods.
成魚普遍岩礁或珊瑚礁的周圍。 幼魚發現於河口而且偶然地進入河了。 主要吃魚與底棲的無脊椎動物，包括蝦，螃蟹，腹足動物與頭足類動物。
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
西大西洋: 對聖保羅巴西 (參考文獻 57756) 的美國麻薩諸塞州, 包括墨西哥灣與加勒比海.(參考文獻 9626) 東大西洋: 聖保羅岩礁與阿森松島 (參考文獻 13121), Tinhosa 重大的, 普林西比島島南方 (洛杉磯佩雷拉 (pers. comm.)。
Allen, G.R., 1985. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 6. Snappers of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of lutjanid species known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(6):208 p. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 55)
人類使用
漁業: 商業性; 水族館: 公眾的水族館
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 23.2 - 28, mean 25.8 °C (based on 522 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01479 (0.01304 - 0.01678), b=2.97 (2.95 - 2.99), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 4.4 ±0.3 se; based on diet studies.
Generation time: 11.0 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1
growth studies.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 低的, 最小族群倍增時間4.5 - 14 年 (K=0.10; tm=5.5).
Prior r = 0.28, 95% CL = 0.16 - 0.49, Based on 1 stock assessment.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): High to very high vulnerability (66 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 11.5 [5.9, 19.1] mg/100g; Iron = 0.269 [0.156, 0.499] mg/100g; Protein = 19.6 [18.0, 20.9] %; Omega3 = 0.176 [0.097, 0.305] g/100g; Selenium = 28.8 [13.9, 56.2] μg/100g; VitaminA = 96.7 [15.9, 482.1] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.254 [0.176, 0.396] mg/100g (wet weight);
