分类 / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Anabantiformes (Gouramies, snakeheads)
鱸形目 (Gouramies, snakeheads) >
Channidae (Snakeheads)
鱧科 (Snakeheads)
Etymology: Channa: Greek, channe, -es = an anchovy (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Bloch.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
; 淡水; 半咸淡水 底中水层性; pH range: 7.0 - 8.0; dH range: ? - 20; 河川洄游 (Ref. 51243); 深度上下限 1 - 10 m (Ref. 2686), usually 1 - 2 m (Ref. 4515). 熱帶; 23°C - 27°C (Ref. 1672); 35°N - 18°S
Asia: Pakistan to Thailand and south China. Several countries report adverse ecological impact after introduction.
亞洲: 巴基斯坦到泰國與中國南方部。 引入後的一些國家報告不利的生態衝擊。
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm 18.0, range 23 - ? cm
Max length : 100.0 cm SL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 2686); common length : 61.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 44091); 最大体重: 3.0 kg (Ref. 40637)
背棘 (总数): 0; 背的软条 (总数): 38-43; 臀棘 0; 臀鳍软条: 23 - 27. Body sub-cylindrical; head depressed; caudal fin rounded (Ref. 2847). The dorsal surface and sides is dark and mottled with a combination of black and ochre, and white on the belly; a large head reminiscent of a snake's head; deeply-gaping, fully toothed mouth; very large scales (Ref. 44091).
身体接近圆柱形的; 头部扁平的; 尾鳍圆的。 (参考文献 2847) 背部表面与侧边颜色较深而且具有组合色斑黑色与黄土色, 与在腹面上的白色; 一个大的头部回忆的一个蛇的头部; 深深地-缝隙, 完全有齿的嘴; 最大的鳞片.(参考文献 44091)
Obligate air-breathing (Ref. 126274); Adults inhabit ponds, streams and rivers, preferring stagnant and muddy water of plains (Ref. 41236). Found mainly in swamps, but also occurs in the lowland rivers. More common in relatively deep (1-2 m), still water. Very common in freshwater plains (Ref. 4515, 57235). Occur in medium to large rivers, brooks, flooded fields and stagnant waters including sluggish flowing canals (Ref. 12975). Recorded as having been or being farmed in rice fields (Ref. 119549). Survive dry season by burrowing in bottom mud of lakes, canals and swamps as long as skin and air-breathing apparatus remain moist (Ref. 2686) and subsists on the stored fat (Ref. 1479). Feed on fish, frogs, snakes, insects, earthworms, tadpoles (Ref. 1479) and crustaceans (Ref. 2847). Undertake lateral migration from the Mekong mainstream, or other permanent water bodies, to flooded areas during the flood season and return to the permanent water bodies at the onset of the dry season (Ref. 37770). During winter and dry season, its flesh around coelomic cavity is heavily infested by a larval trematode Isoparorchis hypselobargi. Other parasites infecting this fish include Pallisentis ophicephali in the intestine and Neocamallanus ophicepahli in the pyloric caecae (Ref. 1479). Processed into pra-hoc, mam-ruot, and mam-ca-loc (varieties of fish paste) in Kampuchea (Ref.4929). Perhaps the main food fish in Thailand, Indochina and Malaysia (Ref. 2686). Firm white flesh almost bone-free, heavy dark skin good for soup and usually sold separately (Ref. 2686). In Hawaiian waters the largest specimen taken reportedly exceeded 150 cm (Ref. 44091). Very economic important on both cultures and captures throughout southern and southeastern Asia (Ref. 57235).
栖息于池塘，溪流与河川, 偏爱平原的污浊而泥泞水。 (参考文献 41236) 主要发现于沼泽了, 也出现于低地的河中。 较常见于相当深的 (1-2 公尺), 静止的水域。 非常常见于淡水的平原.(参考文献 4515,57235) 出现于包括滞流的管的中型到大型河川，小溪，被水淹没的田野与污浊的水域。 (参考文献 12975) 藉由中掘穴平安渡过干季湖，管与沼泽的底泥只要皮肤与呼吸空气的器官保持潮湿的 (参考文献 2686) 而且维生储存的脂肪.(参考文献 1479) 捕食鱼类, 青蛙，蛇，昆虫，蚯蚓，蝌蚪 (參考文獻 1479) 與甲殼動物.(參考文獻 2847) 在洪水季節的時候進行對洪泛區的橫向遷移從湄公河主流, 或其他的永久性水體而且回到永久性水體在乾季的開始.(參考文獻 37770) 在冬天與乾季的時候，它的肉體腔的周圍是寄生著很重的一個幼蟲的吸蟲 Isoparorchis hypselobargi 。 傳染這一個魚的其他寄生蟲在腸包括 Pallisentis ophicephali 而且在幽門的 caecae 中包括 Neocamallanus ophicepahli 。 (參考文獻 1479) 加工成 pra了-hoc, mam-ruot, 與 mam-ca-在柬埔寨的 loc(魚漿的變種).(參考文獻 4929) 也許在泰國，印度支那與馬來西亞的主要食用魚.(參考文獻 2686) 結實的白色肉幾乎無硬骨, 重的深色皮膚好用於煮湯而且通常分開的賣.(參考文獻 2686) 在夏威夷水域，據報告被採的最大的標本超過了 150 公分。 (參考文獻 44091) 非常經濟的重要兩者的之上養殖而且捕獲遍及南方的與東南亞.(參考文獻 57235)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
Breeds in ditches, ponds and flooded paddy fields. Young shoal at the surface and are guarded by the male parent (Ref. 54793), hiding below the surface water (Ref. 1479). In captivity, as soon as the male bends its body close to the female during mating, milt is released following the release of the eggs (Ref. 45162).亞洲: 巴基斯坦到泰國與中國南方部。 引入後的一些國家報告不利的生態衝擊。
Pethiyagoda, R., 1991. Freshwater fishes of Sri Lanka. The Wildlife Heritage Trust of Sri Lanka, Colombo. 362 p. (Ref. 6028)
人类利用
渔业: 高经济性; 养殖: 商业性; 水族馆: 公众的水族馆
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Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00933 (0.00743 - 0.01172), b=2.97 (2.92 - 3.02), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 3.6 ±0.47 se; based on food items.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增时间最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (K=0.21; tm=1.5; Fec = 324).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (40 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 62.8 [31.2, 135.6] mg/100g; Iron = 0.668 [0.466, 0.942] mg/100g; Protein = 17.9 [16.9, 18.7] %; Omega3 = 0.114 [0.058, 0.219] g/100g; Selenium = 35.3 [15.9, 80.3] μg/100g; VitaminA = 23.5 [10.2, 52.3] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.926 [0.672, 1.421] mg/100g (wet weight); based on
nutrient studies.
