分類 / Names
共通名の | 類義語 | Catalog of Fishes(部類, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態学
海 底生の; 深さの範囲 1 - 100 m (Ref. 9792), usually 20 - 50 m (Ref. 9792). Tropical; 26°N - 21°S, 43°E - 156°E (Ref. 54739)
Indo-West Pacific: Red Sea and East Africa to Japan and Australia.
Length at first maturity / サイズ / 重さ / 年齢
Maturity: Lm 38.0, range 37 - 39 cm
Max length : 64.0 cm TL オス/雌雄の選別がない; (Ref. 6006); common length : 50.0 cm TL オス/雌雄の選別がない; (Ref. 5450); 最大公表体重: 9.0 kg (Ref. 1468)
背面の脊椎 (合計): 9 - 11; 背鰭 (合計): 38-45; 肛門の骨 1; 臀鰭: 33 - 43; 脊つい: 23 - 25. Body oval and flat, but thicker than in most other flatfishes. Mouth large with strong teeth; maxillary extends well beyond hind edge of lower eye; both eyes on left or right side; upper eye lying immediately below dorsal edge; gill rakers not developed. Dorsal fin origin well posterior to eyes; anterior fin rays spinous; lateral line almost straight. Color usually brown or grey, sometimes with 4 broad, dark crossbars. Dorsal, anal and caudal fin tips black. Blind side occasionally partially colored. (Other sources of morphological data: Refs. 591, 529, 4416, 5997 and 6000).
Found on sand and mud bottoms (Ref. 9796, 48637). Usually deeply burried in the substrate during the day, but out and hunting at night (Ref. 48637). Often swims in an upright position (Ref. 9796). Mainly piscivorous (Ref. 5986). Mainly sold fresh (Ref. 5213); also utilized smoked and frozen (Ref. 9987). Processed into fish flour (Ref. 6040).
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟 | 繁殖 | 放精 | 卵 | 生産力 | 幼生
Studies in Porto Novo, India (Refs. 5993 & 5997) show that the sex ratio significantly differ from 1:1, but the reports are ambiguous as to which sex predominates.
Nielsen, J.G., 1984. Psettodidae. In W. Fischer and G. Bianchi (eds.) FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Western Indian Ocean fishing area 51. Vol. 3. (Ref. 3485)
Human uses
水産業: 商業
より多くの情報
参考文献水産養殖水産養殖の紹介緊張遺伝子のElectrophoreses遺伝病気行列NutrientsMass conversion
用具
特記事項
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インターネットの情報源
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 26.6 - 29.1, mean 28.2 °C (based on 1198 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.7500 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00676 (0.00507 - 0.00901), b=3.14 (3.06 - 3.22), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
栄養段階 (Ref.
69278): 4.4 ±0.3 se; based on diet studies.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 手段, １．４年～４．４年の倍増期間の最小個体群 (K=0.26-0.5; tm=3-4; Fec=300,000).
Prior r = 0.74, 95% CL = 0.49 - 1.11, Based on 3 stock assessments.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (29 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): High to very high vulnerability (68 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 122 [62, 249] mg/100g; Iron = 1.15 [0.54, 2.15] mg/100g; Protein = 18.4 [16.9, 19.9] %; Omega3 = 0.181 [0.080, 0.383] g/100g; Selenium = 68 [30, 151] μg/100g; VitaminA = 20.1 [6.2, 65.2] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.728 [0.470, 1.071] mg/100g (wet weight);
