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Clupeiformes (Herrings)
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Engraulidae (Anchovies)
鯷科 (Anchovies) > Engraulinae
Etymology: Stolephorus: Greek, stole, -es = garment + Greek, pherein = to carry (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Lacepède.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
Indian Ocean: endemic off Mauritius (Ref. 123745). Its distribution in eastern coast of Africa, from Gulf of Aden to Zanzibar, northern Madagascar, eastward to Hong Kong and Papua New Guinea (Ref. 189) is based on misidentifications for other species: Stolephorus mercurius (SE Asia), S. rex (Indo-West Pacific) and S. zephyrus (eastern coast of Africa to Madagascar) (Ref. 123745).
印度-西太平洋: 東非, 從亞丁灣到桑吉巴，馬達加斯加與模里西斯 (但是不從紅海或波斯灣) 北部向東至香港與巴布亞新幾內亞。 顯然地在斐濟與美屬薩摩亞被 Stolephorus apiensis 取代了。
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm 7.2 range ? - ? cm
Max length : 11.2 cm SL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 123745)
臀棘 0; 臀鳍软条: 21 - 22. Diagnosis: Body somewhat compressed, belly a little rounded, with 0-5 small needle-like pre-pelvic scutes; maxilla tip pointed, reaching to or a little beyond hind border of pre-operculum, the latter convex, rounded; lower gillrakers usually 23 to 28; small teeth present on upper edge of hyoid bones; isthmus muscle tapering evenly forward to hind border of branchial membrane; pelvic fin tips reaching to below anterior dorsal finrays; anal fin short, with usually 3 unbranched and 18-19 branched finrays, its origin below second half of dorsal fin base; body light transparent fleshy brown, with a silver stripe down flank; a pair of dark patches behind occiput, followed by a pair of dark lines to dorsal fin origin (Ref. 189). It closely resembles Stolephorus apiensis of Fiji and Samoa, which lacks pigment lines before the dorsal fin; and S. brachycephalus of Papua New Guinea, which has more anal finrays, no hyoid teeth, and more scutes; Stolephorus waitei has characteristic spots on the lower part of the head, and the pelvic fins do not reach to the dorsal fin origin, as also in S. chinensis; other Stolephorus species have the hind border of the pre-operculum concave near the maxilla tip (Ref. 189).
腹面以0-5个小的针状前腹鳍鳞甲略圆的。 颚骨顶端尖的, 延伸到或稍微超过前鳃盖的后部边缘, 后者凸状,圆的。 小的牙齿在 U 字形的硬骨。 峡部肌肉尖端细的均匀地向前。 身体淡色的透明肉质的褐色有被跟随着对背鳍起点的一对线的一对黑的区块在后后脑部。 在侧面上有一条银色的斑纹。 非常近似斐济与美属萨摩亚的 S. apiensis; 巴布亚新几内亚的 S. brachycephalus。
A schooling fish found in coastal waters, apparently entering brackish water (Ref. 189), at depths of 0-50 m (Ref. 82332). It feeds on surface plankton, primarily copepods and prawn larvae (Ref. 189). Eggs are oval with a knob (Ref. 189). Used for food and fish meal (Ref. 4537).
一个群游性鱼发现于沿岸水域了, 显然地进入半淡咸水。 出现于 Godavari 河口，印度, 从二月到在 19.6-32.0个 ppt 的盐度的六月, 但是几乎完全地不存在于后来的洪水季节。 吃表面的浮游生物, 主要地桡脚类的动物与虾类幼生。 卵是椭圆形的具有一个疖瘤。 用来当作食物与鱼粉.(参考文献 4537)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
印度-西太平洋: 東非, 從亞丁灣到桑吉巴，馬達加斯加與模里西斯 (但是不從紅海或波斯灣) 北部向東至香港與巴布亞新幾內亞。 顯然地在斐濟與美屬薩摩亞被 Stolephorus apiensis 取代了。
Hata, H., S. Lavoué and H. Motomura, 2021. Taxonomic status of nominal species of the anchovy genus Stolephorus previously regarded as synonyms of Stolephorus commersonnii Lacepède 1803 and Stolephorus indicus (van Hasselt 1823), and descriptions of three new species (Clupeiformes: Engraulidae). Ichthyol. Res. 68(3):327-372. (Ref. 123745)
人类利用
渔业: 商业性
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 25 - 29.1, mean 28.3 °C (based on 1386 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00513 (0.00395 - 0.00666), b=3.18 (3.11 - 3.25), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 3.1 ±0.20 se; based on food items.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 高度, 族群倍增时间少于 15个月 (K=0.95-0.96).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (14 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 449 [145, 1,234] mg/100g; Iron = 2.49 [1.36, 4.40] mg/100g; Protein = 19.1 [17.3, 21.0] %; Omega3 = 0.447 [0.194, 1.040] g/100g; Selenium = 46.6 [20.7, 99.9] μg/100g; VitaminA = 36.1 [7.7, 152.2] μg/100g; Zinc = 2.92 [1.90, 4.37] mg/100g (wet weight); based on
nutrient studies.
![Image of Stolephorus commersonnii (Commerson\](/images/thumbnails/jpg/tn_Stcom_u1.jpg "Image of Stolephorus commersonnii (Commerson\")
