分类 / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
海洋; 半咸淡水 礁区鱼类; 深度上下限 0 - 30 m (Ref. 128797). 熱帶; 22°C - 28°C; 32°N - 35°S, 20°E - 130°W
Indo-Pacific: Red Sea and East Africa and Persian Gulf (Ref. 68964) to the Tuamoto Islands, north to southern Japan, south to northern Australia and New Caledonia. Recorded off the coast of Florida in the Western Central Atlantic (Ref. 51238).
印度-太平洋: 紅海而且東非到 Tuamoto 島, 北至日本南部, 南至澳洲北部與新加勒多尼亞。 記錄了在中西大西洋的外海佛羅里達的海岸。 (參考文獻 51238)
大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 60.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 5450)
背棘 (总数): 5; 背的软条 (总数): 34-39; 臀棘 3; 臀鳍软条: 25 - 29. The ocular band of adult specimens with a series of dark vermiculations (Ref. 1602). Adults (above 20 cm) yellowish silvery or dusky, dark bar through eye and another bar just behind head. Occasionally with a few small, scattered black spots on body. Median fins yellowish, with black margins posteriorly. Pelvic fins black. Small juveniles reddish brown, with irregular black spots and blotches and small, white (black-edged) ocelli on body. Small black spot at base of last 3 dorsal- and anal-fin rays. Caudal fin transparent except for base, which is reddish brown. Body orbicular and strongly compressed, its depth more than twice length of head and 0.9 to 1.4 times SL. Head length 3.4 to 3.8 times SL. Snout profile of large adults (above 40 cm total length) concave, with bony swelling between eyes. Interorbital width 38 to 48% head length. Jaws with bands of slender, flattened, tricuspid teeth, the middle cusp about twice length of lateral cusps. No teeth on palatines or vomer. Five pores on each side of lower jaw. Preopercle smooth. Opercle without spines (Ref 43039).
成鱼标本的眼睛条纹有一系列的深色蠕虫爬迹形的装饰。 (参考文献 1602) 成鱼 (上方 20 公分) 淡黄色的银色或暗色又深色的横带经过眼与另一条横带在头部正后方。 偶然地具有一些小的, 在身体上的分散黑色的斑点。 中央的鳍淡黄色的, 在后部地有黑色的边缘。 腹鳍黑色。 小的稚鱼红褐色的, 在身体上有不规则的黑色斑点与斑块与小又白色的 (黑边) 假眼斑。 在基底的小黑色的斑点最后的 3 背部的- 而且臀鳍棘条。 尾鳍透明除了基底, 是红褐色的。 身体球形而非常扁长形的, 它的深度超过两次頭長與 0.9 到 1.4 倍於標準體長。 頭長 3.4 到 3.8 倍於標準體長。 大的成魚 (上方 40 公分全長) 的吻輪廓凹曲,藉由在眼之間的多骨膨脹。 眼間骨寬度 38 到 48% 頭長。 頜部有條紋細長的, 平的, 三尖齒, 中央的尖頭大約兩倍於側面尖頭的長度。 沒有牙齒在顎骨或犛骨。 在下頜的兩邊上的五個孔。 前鰓蓋骨平滑的。 鰓蓋的沒有棘 (參考文獻 43039).
Live in shallow protected coastal waters to deep, somewhat silty habitats. Often with deep shipwrecks (Ref. 48637). Adults are found singly or in small groups and occasionally in large schools in some areas. Juveniles occur singly or in small groups among mangroves and inner sheltered lagoons while adults move out to open waters over sandy areas of deep lagoons, channels, and seaward reefs to a depth of at least 30 m. Feed on algae, invertebrates and small fishes (Ref. 89972).
成鱼各别地被发现或者形成小群鱼群而且在一些地区偶见于大群鱼群。 生活在水浅且有遮蔽的沿岸水域到深又略微淤泥的栖息地。 时常有深的遇难船。 (参考文献 48637) 稚鱼各别地出现或者形成小群鱼群在红树林与内部的有掩蔽的舄湖之中虽然成鱼外移至在深舄湖，峡道与临海礁石到深度至少的沙地上的开放水域 30 公尺。 吃藻类, 无脊椎动物与小鱼。
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
印度-太平洋: 紅海而且東非到 Tuamoto 島, 北至日本南部, 南至澳洲北部與新加勒多尼亞。 記錄了在中西大西洋的外海佛羅里達的海岸。 (參考文獻 51238)
Myers, R.F., 1991. Micronesian reef fishes. Second Ed. Coral Graphics, Barrigada, Guam. 298 p. (Ref. 1602)
人类利用
渔业: 低经济; 养殖: 商业性; 水族馆: 商业性
更多信息
俗名同种异名新陈代谢捕食者生态毒物学繁殖成熟度产卵场产卵群集孕卵数卵卵的发育
参考文献养殖养殖信息品种遗传学Electrophoreses遗传率疾病加工NutrientsMass conversion
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 24.9 - 29.2, mean 28.5 °C (based on 3165 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5313 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.03236 (0.01630 - 0.06426), b=2.95 (2.77 - 3.13), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 3.3 ±0.49 se; based on food items.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增时间最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (44 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 35.1 [18.3, 56.0] mg/100g; Iron = 0.48 [0.30, 0.77] mg/100g; Protein = 19 [18, 20] %; Omega3 = 0.0993 [, ] g/100g; Selenium = 32.3 [18.4, 59.2] μg/100g; VitaminA = 41.7 [11.6, 145.4] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.13 [0.79, 1.61] mg/100g (wet weight);
