分类 / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
海洋 礁区鱼类; 深度上下限 10 - ? m (Ref. 5213). 亞熱帶的; 12°S - 36°S, 10°E - 34°E
Southeast Atlantic to southwestern Indian Ocean: southern Angola to Natal, South Africa.
東南大西洋: 南方的安哥拉到南非的納塔爾。
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm 34.0 range ? - ? cm
Max length : 80.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 4370); 最大体重: 6.5 kg (Ref. 4370)
背棘 (总数): 10; 背的软条 (总数): 18-19; 臀棘 3; 臀鳍软条: 13 - 14. Changes from black to silver almost instantly to blend with environment; occasionally mottled or with 7-9 crossbars (Ref. 4370).
改变从黑色到银色的几乎立即地以环境混合; 偶然有斑点或具有 7-9个交叉的条纹.(参考文献 4370)
Found in inshore reefs, rocky and sandy areas. Feeds on mollusks, crustaceans, and other invertebrates (Ref. 5213). Abundant in winter, breeding occurs in deeper water. Becoming scarce because of overfishing (Ref. 36731).
发现于近海岩礁，岩石及沙地区域了。 吃软件动物，甲壳动物与其他的无脊椎动物。 (参考文献 5213) 丰富的冬天时，繁殖出现于较深的水域中。 变成难得的由于捕捞过度。 (参考文献 36731)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
東南大西洋: 南方的安哥拉到南非的納塔爾。
Smith, M.M., 1986. Coracinidae. p. 601-602. In M.M. Smith and P.C. Heemstra (eds.) Smiths' sea fishes. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. (Ref. 4370)
人类利用
渔业: 商业性; 游钓鱼种: 是的
更多信息
参考文献养殖养殖信息品种遗传学Electrophoreses遗传率疾病加工NutrientsMass conversion
合作者照片Stamps, Coins Misc.声音神经毒速度泳型鳃区Otoliths脑重体重比眼睛色素
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 14.4 - 24.7, mean 16.7 °C (based on 20 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 1.0000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01622 (0.00664 - 0.03964), b=3.01 (2.79 - 3.23), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 3.3 ±0.45 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 8.5 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 2
growth studies.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 低的, 最小族群倍增时间4.5 - 14 年 (K=0.13).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): High vulnerability (60 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 16.5 [7.8, 32.0] mg/100g; Iron = 0.449 [0.259, 0.748] mg/100g; Protein = 19.3 [18.1, 20.5] %; Omega3 = 0.155 [0.089, 0.271] g/100g; Selenium = 24.8 [11.8, 51.6] μg/100g; VitaminA = 23.6 [5.9, 90.6] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.598 [0.394, 0.888] mg/100g (wet weight);
