Epinephelus melanostigma, One-blotch grouper : fisheries

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Epinephelus melanostigma Schultz, 1953

One-blotch grouper
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Native range | All suitable habitat | Point map | Year 2050
This map was computer-generated and has not yet been reviewed.
Epinephelus melanostigma   AquaMaps   Data sources: GBIF OBIS
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Image of Epinephelus melanostigma (One-blotch grouper)
Epinephelus melanostigma
Picture by Randall, J.E.

分類 / Names 俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(, ) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

Teleostei > Perciformes/Serranoidei (Groupers) > Epinephelidae (Groupers)
Etymology: Epinephelus: Greek, epinephelos = cloudy (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Schultz.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range 生態學

海洋 礁區魚類; 深度上下限 0 - 30 m (Ref. 5213). 熱帶; 29°N - 34°S, 28°E - 157°W (Ref. 5222)

分布 國家 | FAO區域 | 生態系 | 發現紀錄 | Point map | 簡介 | Faunafri

Indo-West Pacific: Natal, South Africa to the central Pacific. Not known from the Red Sea nor Persian Gulf.
印度-西太平洋: 南非的納塔爾到中太平洋。 已知不來自紅海也不波斯灣。

大小 / 重量 / 年齡

Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 54.9 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 125599); common length : 25.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 9137); 最大體重: 3.8 kg (Ref. 125599)

簡短描述 型態特徵 | 形態測量圖

背棘 (總數): 11; 背的軟條 (總數): 14-16; 臀棘 3; 臀鰭軟條: 8. A single large black blotch along middle of dorsal fin base (Ref. 37816), which can be turned off (Ref. 48635); further characterized by head, body and fins having numerous close-set polygon shaped dark brown spots; broad zone along side of body with ctenoid scales, cycloid scales elsewhere; body with auxiliary scales; greatest depth of body 2.9-3.4 in SL; rounded caudal fin; short pelvic fins, 2.0-2.6 in head length (Ref. 90102); head length 2.2-2.4 in SL; flat or slightly concave interorbital area; rounded preopercle, serrae mostly covered by skin; straight or slightly convex upper edge of operculum; subequal posterior and anterior nostrils; maxilla reaches to or past vertical at rear edge of eye; 3-5 rows of teeth on midlateral part of lower jaw, inner teeth about twice as long as outer ones (Ref. 89707).
一個大的黑色斑塊沿著背鰭基底 (參考文獻 37816) 的中央, 能被關掉.(參考文獻 48635)

生物學特性     字彙 (例如 epibenthic)

Occur in outer reef flats and shallow lagoon (Ref. 37816). Reported to be taken in a trawl, thus presumably caught somewhat deeper than 7 m. Also reported to occur in reefs at a depth of about 30 m (Ref. 5213). Because of its small size and apparent rarity, it is of little or no commercial importance. Solitary (Ref 90102).

出現在外礁平臺與潟湖淺灘。 (參考文獻 37816) 報告被採自一個拖網,如此可能捕捉略深於 7 公尺。 也報告出現在礁深度大約 30 公尺。 (參考文獻 5213) 由於它的體型小與明顯的稀有性, 它是少或沒有商業重要性。

Life cycle and mating behavior 成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | | 孕卵數 | 仔魚

印度-西太平洋: 南非的納塔爾到中太平洋。 已知不來自紅海也不波斯灣。

主要參考資料 Upload your references | 參考文獻 | 合作者 | 合作者

Heemstra, P.C. and J.E. Randall, 1993. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 16. Groupers of the world (family Serranidae, subfamily Epinephelinae). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the grouper, rockcod, hind, coral grouper and lyretail species known to date. Rome: FAO. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(16):382 p. (Ref. 5222)

IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435)

  無危 (LC) ; Date assessed: 15 January 2018

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

對人類具威脅

  有雪卡魚毒中毒的報導 (Ref. 31637)





人類使用

漁業: 自給性漁業
FAO - Publication: search | FishSource | 周邊海洋

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網路資源

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Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201): 24.9 - 29.3, mean 28.4 °C (based on 2734 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804):  PD50 = 0.5000   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01148 (0.00668 - 0.01973), b=3.05 (2.91 - 3.19), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref. 93245).
營養階層 (Ref. 69278):  4.0   ±0.67 se; based on food items.
回復力 (Ref. 120179):  中等的, 族群倍增時間最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153):  Moderate vulnerability (42 of 100).
價格種類 (Ref. 80766):   Very high.
Nutrients (Ref. 124155):  Calcium = 37.4 [18.0, 75.7] mg/100g; Iron = 0.522 [0.288, 1.088] mg/100g; Protein = 18.5 [17.0, 19.9] %; Omega3 = 0.125 [0.079, 0.199] g/100g; Selenium = 27 [16, 48] μg/100g; VitaminA = 232 [64, 837] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.42 [0.97, 1.99] mg/100g (wet weight);