Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
पारिस्थितिकी
समुद्री प्रवाल-भित्ति संयुक्त; गहराई सीमा 5 - 40 m (Ref. 9710). Tropical
Western Pacific: anti-equatorial, from southern Japan to Taiwan and the Ryukyu Islands and from Papua New Guinea and the Great Barrier Reef to Lord Howe Island and New South Wales (Ref. 9710). Recently reported from Tonga (Ref. 53797).
आकार / वज़न / Age
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 18.0 cm TL पुल्लिंग / अलिंग; (Ref. 9710)
पृष्ठीय रीढ़ (सम्पूर्ण) : 13; पृष्ठीय सौफट रेज़ (सम्पूर्ण) : 21 - 22; गुदा कांटा: 3; ऐनल सौफट रेज़: 18.
Inhabit seaward reefs in areas with rich coral growth. Usually solitary, but also a schooling species that is often on the move, usually in areas prone to strong currents. Usually deep in Indonesia and adults are rarely found in less than 40 m depth. Mainly found in sponge zones and deep water occurrence is habitat related, not cold water as sometimes suggested. This species will travel in open water and cleans large pelagic fishes (Ref. 48636). Oviparous (Ref. 205). Form pairs during breeding (Ref. 205).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | पुनरुत्पत्ति | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | लार्वा
Distinct pairing (Ref. 205).
Steene, R.C., 1978. Butterfly and angelfishes of the world. A.H. & A.W. Reed Pty Ltd., Australia. vol. 1. 144 p. (Ref. 4859)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
मात्स्यिकी: व्यापारिक; जलजीवालय: व्यापारिक
साधन
Special reports
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इंटरनेट स्रोत
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 19.9 - 28.9, mean 27.4 °C (based on 356 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.02291 (0.01133 - 0.04632), b=3.00 (2.83 - 3.17), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 2.8 ±0.26 se; based on food items.
लौटाव (Ref.
120179): ऊंचा, न्यूनतम जनसंख्या दुगनी समय अवलागत 15 महीने। (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (10 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 99.7 [51.9, 151.0] mg/100g; Iron = 0.823 [0.495, 1.335] mg/100g; Protein = 18.5 [17.3, 19.6] %; Omega3 = 0.113 [0.071, 0.177] g/100g; Selenium = 34.9 [19.8, 64.6] μg/100g; VitaminA = 44.8 [12.5, 156.3] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.52 [1.04, 2.16] mg/100g (wet weight);
