分类 / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
海洋; 淡水; 半咸淡水 底中水层性; 降海洄游 (Ref. 46888). 熱帶; 23°N - 33°S, 25°E - 136°W
Indo-West Pacific: East Africa south to Algoa Bay, South Africa (Ref. 4393); Madagascar, northern Australia (Timor Sea), New Guinea and Tonga (Ref. 9812). Also reported from the Marquesas (Ref. 12792) and from the lower Zambezi River in Africa (Ref. 39494).
印度-西太平洋: 東非南至南非奧歌亞灣 (參考文獻 4393) ，馬達加斯加，澳洲北部 (帝汶海) ，新幾內亞與東加。 記錄來自馬可薩斯島了。 (參考文獻 12792) 非洲: 內陸的水域 - 尚比西河
大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 75.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 9812); common length : 35.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 9812)
背棘 (总数): 5; 背的软条 (总数): 8; 臀棘 3; 臀鳍软条: 9.
鳞片边缘深色的; 腹鳍鲜黄色或橘色的.(参考文献 4393)
Adults inhabit coastal waters, estuaries; sometimes ascending rivers into fresh water (Ref. 9812). They prefer slow moving waters or still lagoons (Ref. 9812). Often found in turbid water, over muddy substrates, and with well-substantiated aquatic vegetation (Ref. 9812). They feed on microalgae, detritus, terrestrial plant material, and aquatic insects (Ref. 9812). Perhaps catadromous (Ref. 9812). Oviparous, eggs are pelagic and non-adhesive (Ref. 205).
出现于沿岸水域与河口; 有时进入淡水之内溯溪。 (参考文献 9812) 偏爱缓慢移动的水域或使泻湖安静.(参考文献 9812) 时常发现于浑浊的水, 在泥质底部之上, 与具有实体化良好的水生植物.(参考文献 9812) 吃微藻类，碎屑，陆栖的植物与水生昆虫。 (参考文献 9812) 也许降海洄游的.(参考文献 9812)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
印度-西太平洋: 東非南至南非奧歌亞灣 (參考文獻 4393) ，馬達加斯加，澳洲北部 (帝汶海) ，新幾內亞與東加。 記錄來自馬可薩斯島了。 (參考文獻 12792) 非洲: 內陸的水域 - 尚比西河
Harrison, I.J. and H. Senou, 1997. Order Mugiliformes. Mugilidae. Mullets. p. 2069-2108. In K.E. Carpenter and V.H. Niem (eds.) FAO species identification guide for fishery purposes. The living marine resources of the Western Central Pacific. Volume 4. Bony fishes part 2 (Mugilidae to Carangidae). FAO, Rome. (Ref. 9812)
人类利用
渔业: 低经济; 游钓鱼种: 是的
更多信息
俗名同种异名新陈代谢捕食者生态毒物学繁殖成熟度产卵场产卵群集孕卵数卵卵的发育
合作者照片Stamps, Coins Misc.声音神经毒速度泳型鳃区Otoliths脑重体重比眼睛色素
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 24.7 - 28.9, mean 27.7 °C (based on 808 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5078 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01318 (0.00813 - 0.02137), b=2.92 (2.79 - 3.05), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 2.3 ±0.16 se; based on food items.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 低的, 最小族群倍增时间4.5 - 14 年 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate to high vulnerability (50 of 100).
