Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ökologie
seewasser riff-verbunden; standorttreu; tiefenbereich 4 - 60 m (Ref. 30573). Tropical; 30°N - 33°S, 24°E - 65°E
Western Indian Ocean: from the Persian Gulf to the coast of Mozambique, East Africa; the Mediterranean Sea, western (Brazil and Florida) and eastern Atlantic Ocean (Canary Is.) and central Pacific. First record from the Eastern Pacific,
Length at first maturity / Size / Gewicht / Alter
Maturity: Lm 21.6 range ? - ? cm
Max length : 50.0 cm SL Männchen/unbestimmt; (Ref. 30573); common length : 20.0 cm TL Männchen/unbestimmt; (Ref. 5450)
Rückenflossenstacheln (insgesamt): 12 - 13; Rückenflossenweichstrahlen (insgesamt): 21; Afterflossenstacheln 3; Afterflossenweichstrahlen: 19 - 20
More often in silty reef areas than in rich coral growth (Ref. 30573). Minimum depth reported taken from Ref. 9710. Maximum depth reported taken from Ref. 127989.
Life cycle and mating behavior
Geschlechtsreife | Fortpflanzung | Ablaichen | Eier | Fecundity | Larven
Allen, G.R., 1985. Butterfly and angelfishes of the world. Vol. 2. 3rd edit. in English. Mergus Publishers, Melle, Germany. (Ref. 4858)
IUCN Rote Liste Status (Ref. 130435)
Bedrohung für Menschen
Harmless
Nutzung durch Menschen
Fischereien: kommerziell; Aquarium: Kommerziell
Mehr Information
ReferenzenAquakulturAquakultur ProfilZuchtlinienGenetikElectrophoresesVererbbarkeitKrankheitenVerarbeitungNutrientsMass conversion
Tools
Zusatzinformationen
Download XML
Internet Quellen
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 24.8 - 29.3, mean 27.2 °C (based on 238 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5001 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.03090 (0.01711 - 0.05582), b=2.89 (2.74 - 3.04), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 2.5 ±0.00 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 13.2 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1
growth studies.
Widerstandsfähigkeit (Ref.
120179): sehr niedrig, Verdopplung der Population dauert mehr als 14 Jahre. (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Prior r = 0.28, 95% CL = 0.16 - 0.49, Based on 2 stock assessments.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): High to very high vulnerability (69 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): Very high vulnerability (85 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 36.5 [18.5, 61.9] mg/100g; Iron = 0.497 [0.300, 0.811] mg/100g; Protein = 18.3 [17.1, 19.5] %; Omega3 = 0.0886 [, ] g/100g; Selenium = 37.5 [20.0, 70.7] μg/100g; VitaminA = 50.8 [12.5, 190.8] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.22 [0.85, 1.74] mg/100g (wet weight);
